A Smart, Reliable and Green Communication System for Emergency Communications

公共安全通信(PSC)系统是当今努力从灾难局势中恢复的一个主要因素。它们是在公共基础设施遭到严重破坏，导致其功能失调后，让人们，特别是紧急救援人员保持联系的手段。对于PSC系统来说，具有可靠性、适应性、可扩展性和可达性是至关重要的。这些特点结合在一起带来了一些技术挑战，因此涉及到几个领域的研究机会。将这些因素产生的解决办法结合起来，应构成一个强有力和持久的解决办法，可在混乱的灾害局势发生后恢复正常状况。为了满足这些需求，我们提出了一种具有以下特点的解决方案：1.独立于现有的基础设施。2.完全冗余。3.绿色运营。4.易于部署、安装和升级。5.安全运行。拟议的系统被设计为与现有移动通信基础设施重叠或并行的系统。这不是一个蜂窝系统。相反，它是一种低功率系统，能够覆盖数十公里的通信。该系统还可以增加自主系统，例如无人机，用于填补重要的通信空白。这种系统最有力的竞争者是低功率广域网(LPWAN)技术。该体系结构的要素可概括如下：-LPWAN网关：这些网关应部署在战略位置，以便在出现任何故障情况时确保其安全性和可生存性--LPWAN服务器：作为管理整个操作的后端。-基于能量收集的电源：最初可以从电网或其他来源充电，然后依靠周围环境来补充日益减少的供应，随着时间的推移-无线充电元件和链路：这些将使网关能够通过从远程安装的基于能量收集的电源进行充电来继续正常运行-网关安装-无人机：用于填补固定网关的通信缺口，当需要时，无人机可以被战略性地定位，以取代经历高干扰或高冲突率的网关。将使用计算机模拟、分析方法和实验工作对拟议的算法、协议和方案进行分析。这三种方法将相辅相成，相互验证。这项研究的结果对突发事件中的公共安全沟通至关重要。此外，这项研究将使许多研究人员、研究生和本科生能够在先进技术和顶尖研究方面进行培训。

Public safety communication (PSC) systems present a major factor nowadays as a support element in the efforts to recover from disastrous situations. They are the means that keep people, especially emergency personnel, connected after the public infrastructure has been stricken in such a way that renders it dysfunctional. It is crucial for the PSC system to have the Reliability, Adaptability, and Scalability and reachability These combined characteristics introduce some technical challenges and hence research opportunities that touch several areas. The integration of the solutions that result from these elements should constitute a robust and long lasting solution that can be relied on to restore the normal conditions after the chaotic disaster situation has prevailed. In order to address these requirements, we propose a solution that has the following features: 1. Independence from existing infrastructure. 2. Complete redundancy. 3. Green operation. 4. Ease of deployment, installation and upgrade. 5. Secure operation. The proposed system is architected as an overlay or a parallel system to the existing mobile communication infrastructure. It is not a cellular system. Rather, it is a low power system that is able to cover communications over tens of kilometers. The system can also be augmented with autonomous systems, e.g. drones, that would be used to fill important communication gaps. The strongest contender for such a system is the low power WAN (LPWAN) technology. The elements of the architecture can be summarized as follows: -LPWAN gateways: these should be deployed in strategic locations in such a way that ensures their safety and survivability should any trouble conditions arise -LPWAN servers: as the backend for managing the whole operation. -Energy-harvesting-based power sources: can be initially charged from the grid or other sources then rely on the ambient environment for the replenishment of the dwindling supply, as time passes -Wireless charging elements and links: these will enable the gateways to continue to function normally via charging from the remotely installed energy-harvesting-based power sources -Gateway-mounted-drones: used to fill the communication gaps with the fixed gateways, when needed Drones can be strategically located to replace gateways that experience high interference or high collision rate The proposed algorithms, protocols and schemes will be analyzed using computer simulation, analytical methods and experimental work. The three approaches will be employed to complement and verify each other. Results from this research are crucial for public safety communication during emergencies. In addition, this research will enable the training of many researchers, postgraduate and undergraduate students in advanced technologies and top notch research.