BIM-integrated Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication in Construction

今天的建筑行业尚未充分受益于数字技术，而熟练工人的短缺开始影响工业化国家AEC的实现能力。更高的生产率，更好的可持续性，以及吸引年轻一代工人和专业人士的能力，要求该行业采用非现场和数字化制造等制造方法。然而，根据2019年的一份出版物，加拿大在自动化和机器人方面的建筑研究相对较少。拟议的研究计划旨在利用跨学科的方法来填补这些空白。数字（计算）设计实现了性能驱动和材料信息的形式寻找设计方法，但只有通过模型驱动的数字（机器人）制造（Rfab）才能有效地实现。由于设计和制造在这种情况下是相互依存的，因此该提案使用术语“计算设计和机器人制造”（CDRfab）来命名整个集成过程。该计划的总体目的是为高性能、集成多功能建筑元素的CDRfab的知识体系和技术进步做出贡献，其相关数据是基于bim的公共数据环境的一部分。它旨在通过CDRfab数据与BIM的集成，解决目前数字化制造建筑的一些局限性。在短期内（5年），总体目标将是为基于bim的CDRfab创建理论和数字框架，并在受控环境中进行验证。它将包括以下具体的短期目标（STO），其中包括：构建CDRfab建设决策框架2.在加拿大的背景下，确定可以从CDRfab中获益最多的建筑系统/元素；3.定义机器人制造方法和设计要求的上述确定的元素；4.将以rfab为中心的数据集成到BIM和公共数据环境（CDE）中；5.在跨学科工作室的背景下，通过CDRfab的活动来验证CDE的设计和综合多功能建筑元素的原型（例如，具有优化结构、声学和生物气候功能的建筑外壳等）。与此同时，考虑到长期目标，我们将从可持续性的角度开始研究制造方法和材料，以及CDRfab的物流、合同和管理方面。因为他们也有可能被改变。该研究计划不仅旨在为加拿大AEC行业向机器人在建筑中的应用过渡做好准备，而且将其定位为其中的推动力。

The construction industry today has yet to fully benefit from digital technology, while a shortage of skilled workers is beginning to impact the realization capacity of the AEC in industrialized countries. Higher productivity, better sustainability, and the ability to attract the younger generation of workers and professionals, requires that the industry adopt manufacturing methods like offsite and digital fabrication. According to a 2019 publication, however, there is relatively little construction-based research in Canada dealing with automation and robotics. The proposed research program aims to fulfill part of these gaps using an interdisciplinary approach. Digital (computational) design enables performance-driven and material-informed form-finding methods of design but can be efficiently brought to reality only through model-driven digital (robotic) fabrication (Rfab). As design and fabrication are interdependent in this context, this proposal uses the term `Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication' (CDRfab) to name the entire integrated process. The overall purpose of this program is to contribute to the body of knowledge and the technical advancement of CDRfab of high performance, integrated multi-functional building elements, whose relevant data is part of a BIM-based Common Data Environment. It aims at solving some of the present limitations of digitally manufactured construction, through the integration of CDRfab data with BIM. In the short term (5 years), the general objective will be to create the theoretical and digital frameworks for the BIM-based CDRfab, and to validate them in controlled environment. It will encompass the following specific Short-Term Objectives (STO), among others: 1.Create a Framework for decision making about CDRfab in construction; 2.Identify building systems/elements that could most benefit from CDRfab in a Canadian context; 3.Define robotic fabrication methods and design requirements for the above-identified elements; 4.Integrate Rfab-centred data into BIM and into a Common Data Environment (CDE); 5.Validate the CDE through CDRfab activities in the context of an interdisciplinary studio on the design and prototyping of integrated multifunctional building elements (i.g. a building enclosure with optimized structural, acoustic and bioclimatic functions, etc.)  In parallel, and with the long-term objective in mind, we will begin research on fabrication methodologies and materiality from a sustainability point of view, as well as on the logistics, contractual and management aspects of CDRfab, as they also will potentially be transformed. This research program not only aims to prepare the Canadian AEC industry for the transition towards robotic use in construction, but to position it as a driving force in it.