Fire Resilience of Hybrid Tall Timber Structures

在建筑中，使用工程木材建造高层建筑，从其美学和可持续性特征中延伸出来。工程木材与传统建筑材料（如钢铁和混凝土）的结合也有明显的优势。这就产生了一种混合的结构，这种混合的结构是由各种材料组成的，它们相互之间具有各自的特性。研究表明，火灾条件下混合结构材料之间存在复杂的相互作用。这项研究的长期目标是为高层混合木结构开发可防御的基于性能的设计程序，从而使建筑作为一个整体及其组成部分得到理解。短期目标是：(1)评估控制工程木材在火灾中降解的潜在机制，并在材料尺度上控制热暴露；(2)对各种材料键和复合材料连接器在元件和全尺寸混合组件中复合材料作用的退化进行量化和建模；(3)开发高层混合结构火灾后修复技术；(4)提出合理的高层混合木结构建筑设计技术和方法。将使用约克大学独特的火灾弹性实验室。结构组件将使用在几个尺度上建造的坚固的地板系统来实际地限制。各种负载配置将在火灾下进行评估，结果用于校准建模工具。测试方法将脱离传统的防火范式。这种方法将通过基于弹性的设计方法，实现并发现对混合木结构结构火灾行为的真正理解和预测。技术影响将包括：优化防火安全混合地板组件；采用先进的窄光谱照明（透视火技术）的仪器开发；简化的与建筑信息模型系统交互的手工设计计算技术；探索新的材料和修复技术来恢复强度和耐久性。科学影响将包括定期更新加拿大消防委员会国家建筑规范，以建议规范开发和扩展加拿大标准协会集团标准，为混合结构提供指导。经济和环境影响将包括结构被动保护措施的优化。该研究的一系列用户将受益（例如从业人员，生产商，保险公司，消防服务），导致研究直接解决加拿大建筑行业的全球联合国可持续发展目标的高社会影响。该研究项目将培养6名不同背景的高素质人才（3名硕士和3名博士）。这些HQP将应用他们的研究成果，以满足社会的消防要求。

There is a renaissance in construction that uses engineered timber for tall buildings which extends from its aesthetics and sustainability characteristics. There are also clear advantages of combining engineered timber with traditional construction materials such as steel and concrete. This has resulted in structures that are hybrid in a composite union of materials that benefit each other's specific properties. Studies have shown complex interactions between materials in hybrid construction in fire. The long-term objective of this research is to develop defensible performance-based design procedures for tall hybrid timber structures, allowing for the building as a whole and its components to be understood.  Short term objectives are to: (1) evaluate underlying mechanisms that govern engineered timber degradation in fire with and after controlled heat exposure at a material scale; (2) quantify then model the degradation of composite action in hybrid assemblies at element and full scales for a range of material bonds and composite connectors; (3) develop post-fire repair technologies for recovery of tall hybrid structures after fire; and (4) produce rational design technologies and methodologies for tall hybrid timber buildings. The unique fire resiliency lab at York University will be used. Structural assemblies will be restrained realistically using a strong floor system built at several scales. Various loading configurations will be assessed under fire and results used to calibrate modelling tools. The testing methodologies will break away from traditional fire resistance paradigms. This approach will enable and discover a true understanding and prediction of the structural fire behaviour of hybrid timber structures with a resilience-based design approach. Technological impacts will include: optimal fire safe hybrid flooring assemblies; instrumentation development with advanced Narrow Spectrum Illumination (see-through-fire technology); simplified hand-based design calculation techniques which interact with building information modelling systems; and exploration of new materials and repair techniques to restore strength and durability. Scientific impacts will include regular updates to the National Building Code of Canada Fire Protection committee for proposed code development and expansion of the Canadian Standards Association Group standards to provide guidance for hybrid construction. Economic and environmental impacts will include the optimization of passive protection measures on structures. A range of users of the research will benefit (ex. practitioners, producers, insurers, fire services), leading to a high social impact of the research directly addressing global UN sustainability goals for the Canadian construction industry. This research program will train six (3 MASc and 3 PhD) highly qualified personnel (HQP) from diverse backgrounds. These HQP will apply their research findings to meet society's fire protection requirements.