Investigation of Transport Phenomena for Performance Improvement of Energy Systems

本研究提供了预测器来控制能源系统中的传输现象，以提高其整体性能和效率。创新的贡献应用熵和火用为基础的方法来深入了解多相流与传热。这项研究的独特之处在于，动量、能量和质量传递与熵和热力学第二定律之间的相似之处。拟议的研究将有助于推进能源系统在加拿大和国际。这项研究的主要应用领域之一是氢能，这是一种汽车行业感兴趣的清洁燃料。本研究探讨了热化学铜-氯循环制氢。这是一项有利的技术，可以大规模生产氢气，减轻对气候变化的担忧。本提案的重点是更好地理解Cu-Cl循环中的输运现象，并通过第二定律识别和最小化损失，使该循环的未来工业化成为可能。有限的实验研究质量和传热在单位操作的Cu-Cl循环制氢存在文献。因此，本研究计划的目标是提供更详细的信息，在周期内的不可逆性和提高其整体性能。加拿大是国际公认的氢研究、开发和利用的领导者。向氢基经济过渡将减少对气候、空气质量和能源安全的担忧，并为加拿大人创造新的经济机会。据估计，加拿大制氢和利用部门每年产生约2亿美元的收入。为了保持全球竞争力，需要进一步研究以继续这种技术创新并应对气候变化。该研究项目将为HQP的培训以及与加拿大和国外合作伙伴的合作提供宝贵的机会。考虑到安大略省为安大略省政府（GO）区域快速轨道交通系统采用氢作为清洁燃料的努力，这一点也很重要。这项研究的结果将有助于将加拿大定位为低碳智能移动技术的全球领导者。此外，本研究中开发的相关性将改进车辆动力系统的设计，并防止因冷凝水夹带而导致车辆失速等安全问题。这些进步还将有助于发展该国的低碳技术生态系统，从而促进就业增长和长期经济发展。

This research delivers predictors to control transport phenomena in energy systems to improve their overall performance and efficiency. The innovative contributions apply entropy and exergy-based methods to gain insight into multiphase flows with heat transfer. The unique features of the research involve the parallels between momentum, energy, and mass transport with respect to entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The proposed research will contribute to advancing energy systems in Canada and internationally. One of the main application areas of this research is hydrogen energy, a clean fuel of interest to the automotive sector. Hydrogen production via the thermochemical copper-chlorine (Cu-Cl) cycle is explored in this research. This is an advantageous technology that could produce hydrogen at a large scale and alleviate climate change concerns. The focus of this proposal is to gain a better understanding of transport phenomena in the Cu-Cl cycle and make future industrialization of the cycle possible by identifying and minimizing losses via the Second Law. Limited experimental studies of mass and heat transfer in unit operations of the Cu-Cl cycle for hydrogen production exist in the literature. Hence, the goal of this research program is to provide more detailed information on the irreversibilities within the cycle and improve its overall performance. Canada is recognized internationally as a leader in hydrogen research, development, and utilization. Transitioning to a hydrogen-based economy would reduce concerns related to climate, air quality, and energy security as well as create new economic opportunities for Canadians. It is estimated that the Canadian hydrogen generation and utilization sector generates about $200 million per year in revenue. To remain globally competitive, further research is needed to continue this technological innovation and address climate change. The research program will provide valuable opportunities for the training of HQP and collaboration with partners in Canada and abroad. It is also significant when considering Ontario's efforts to adopt hydrogen as a clean fuel for the Government of Ontario (GO) Regional Express Rail Transit System. The outcome of this research will help to position Canada as a global leader in low-carbon smart mobility technologies. Additionally, the correlations developed in this research will improve the design of vehicle powertrains and prevent safety concerns such as vehicle stall due to condensate entrainment. These advancements will also help to grow the low-carbon technology eco-system in the country, leading to job growth and long-term economic development.