3D Imaging for Uncontrolled and Dynamic Conditions and Mobile and Wearable 3D Sensing

3D形状测量系统（3D扫描仪）在受控实验室条件之外测量物体时存在问题。在真实世界环境中，被测量的物体的表面可能在整个表面上具有反射率的变化，或者照明可能是可变的。如果物体表面正在移动、表面正在变形或3D传感器正在移动，则3D测量中会出现其他困难。3D形状测量系统通常体积庞大并且具有差的便携性。这些问题通常阻止合适质量的3D形状测量并且阻止3D相机的普遍使用，尽管2D相机实现了普遍使用（智能手机相机、安装在运动头盔上的相机、汽车仪表板、帽子、眼镜、无人机等）。这项研究将解决3D传感器的上述局限性，以扩展3D成像系统在新应用中的能力，其中3D成像以前是不可能的或可接受的质量。3D扫描技术的小型化将为增强其他技术提供新的机会，例如，在机器人和无人机上安装3D相机，并允许用于康复的可穿戴3D传感。在不受控制的条件下实现3D扫描以及扫描仪小型化将使3D扫描变得通用，可广泛使用。

3D shape measurement systems (3D scanners) have problems when measuring objects outside controlled laboratory conditions. In real-world environments, the surfaces of objects being measured may have variation in reflectivity across the surface or the lighting may be variable. Other difficulties in 3D measurement occur if the object surfaces are moving, the surfaces are deforming, or the 3D sensor is moving. 3D shape measurement systems are often bulky and have poor portability. These problems often prevent 3D shape measurement of suitable quality and prevent ubiquitous use of 3D cameras, despite 2D cameras achieving pervasive use (smartphone cameras, cameras mounted on sport helmets, car dashboards, hats, eyeglasses, drones, etc.). This research will address the above limitations of 3D sensors to extend the capabilities of 3D imaging systems in new applications where 3D imaging was not previously possible or of acceptable quality. Miniaturization of 3D scanning technology will open new opportunities to enhance other technologies, for example, mounting 3D cameras on robots, and drones, and allowing wearable 3D sensing for rehabilitation. Enabling 3D scanning in uncontrolled conditions together with scanner miniaturization would make 3D scanning versatile for ubiquitous use.