The role of anthropogenic environmental change in driving evolution and eco-evolutionary feedbacks

人类正在对地球环境和生物多样性产生越来越大的影响。我的研究试图了解这些人为变化如何影响进化，以及这种进化是否会影响生态过程和模式。在未来5年，我的实验室将致力于三个研究目标：1)了解全球城市化如何影响植物进化2)确定植物适应气候在空间和时间上变化的能力3)评估对城市化和气候的适应如何影响多物种群落和生态系统目标1建立在全球城市进化项目的基础上，该项目是我于2018年发起的一项研究，旨在了解全球城市化如何影响白三叶植物(白三叶)的进化。利用50个城市2500株植物的全基因组序列数据，我们将确定城市化如何影响多种进化过程，包括基因流动、遗传漂移和自然选择。我们还将对植物适应城市环境的程度进行实验量化。最后，我们将测试城市土壤和空气污染如何影响突变率。在目标2中，我们将进行两个大型项目，以了解种群是否适应正在进行的气候变化或物种引入范围内的气候变化。在第一个项目中，我们将来自欧洲和北美(NA)的三叶草植物移植到两大洲南北的实验花园中。这项实验将确定人口是否适应当地气候并与气候变化保持同步。第二个项目考察了三叶草对该物种引进范围内气候变化的适应情况。利用适应北美温暖和寒冷气候的植物之间的杂交，我们正在研究温度、降水和食草动物如何相互作用来影响基因组进化。目标3将评估适应人类驱动的环境变化如何影响社区和生态系统。第一个项目将研究城市和农村人口之间的适应性差异如何塑造传粉者、草食动物和微生物群落。第二个项目将剖析适应气候是否会对这些社区产生影响。影响和培训-这些项目将代表着重大进展，以了解人为环境变化如何影响进化，以及这些变化如何进一步影响社区和生态系统。我们的研究结果将对保护、虫害管理、城市规划和减缓气候变化产生重要影响。受训人员将在所有研究目标中发挥核心作用。我将招聘并为45名高素质的各级人员(PDF、博士、硕士、理科)提供多学科培训，包括在科学领域获得职业生涯的指导。我将继续创造一个包容的环境，努力增加我的实验室和研究社区的多样性，同时促进公平，帮助个人取得成功。

Humans are having an increasing impact on earth's environments and biodiversity. My research seeks to understand how these anthropogenic changes influence evolution, and whether this evolution affects ecological processes and patterns. In the next 5 years, my lab will address three research objectives: 1) Understand how global urbanization affects plant evolution 2) Determine the ability of plants to adapt to climatic variation in space and time 3) Assess how adaptation to urbanization and climate feeds back to affect multispecies communities and ecosystems  Objective 1 builds on the Global Urban Evolution project, a study I launched in 2018 to understand how global urbanization affects the evolution of white clover plants (Trifolium repens). Using whole genome sequence data from >2500 plants across 50 cities, we will determine how urbanization affects multiple evolutionary processes, including gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection. We will also experimentally quantify the extent to which plants are adapted to urban environments. Finally, we will test how urban soil and air pollution influence mutation rates.  In Objective 2, we will conduct two large projects to understand whether populations adapt to ongoing climate change or climatic variation in a species' introduced range. For the first project, we have transplanted clover plants from across Europe and North America (NA) into experimental gardens in the north and south of both continents. This experiment will determine whether populations are adapted to their local climate and keeping pace with climate change. The second project examines the adaptation of clover to climatic variation in the species' introduced range. Using crosses between plants adapted to warm and cool climates of NA, we are examining how temperature, precipitation and herbivores interact to affect genome evolution.  Objective 3 will assess how adaptation to human driven environmental change influences communities and ecosystems. The first project will examine how adaptative divergence between urban and rural populations shape pollinator, herbivore and microbial communities. The second project will dissect whether adaption to climate feeds back to influence these same communities. IMPACT & TRAINING-These projects will represent major advances to understanding how anthropogenic environmental change shapes evolution, and how these changes further affect communities and ecosystems. Our results will have important implications for conservation, pest management, urban planning, and mitigating climate change. Trainees will play a central role in all research objectives. I will recruit and provide multidisciplinary training to 45 highly qualified personnel at all levels of study (PDF, PhD, MSc, BSc), including mentorship on obtaining careers in science. I will continue to create an inclusive environment and work to increase diversity in my lab and research community while promoting equity that helps individuals succeed.