东北三江平原沼泽湿地纤毛虫的生物多样性研究

纤毛虫原生动物作为生态维护者和环境变化的指示类群，是湿地生态学、资源开发和利用、多样性研究的重要对象。迄今全球范围内关于湿地纤毛虫的研究仅限于中低纬度地区，围绕高纬度淡水湿地纤毛虫的研究仍未开展。申请人前期工作初步显示了高纬度高寒生境中存在独特的纤毛虫区系结构和较高的物种多样性，推测“高纬度沼泽湿地存在不同于中低纬度湿地的群落结构和多样性”。为验证以上推论，本项目拟以位于高纬度寒温带、生境复杂且生态恶化的东北三江平原沼泽湿地为采样点，结合形态分类及分子生物学研究手段，开展该地区纤毛虫区系、物种多样性研究及DNA建库，给出三江平原沼泽湿地生境中纤毛虫区系构成、时空分布与变化等数据，构建高纬湿地纤毛虫生物多样性的基础资料，对比不同纬度沼泽湿地纤毛虫区系和群落构成差异。以期为该地区生态学研究、资源利用、环境保护及监测提供必要的基础信息，并为全球范围内沼泽湿地纤毛虫研究的深入开展奠定重要基础。

Ciliated protozoan, as an indicator of ecological maintenance and environmental change, is an important object for researches on wetland ecology, resource development, and biodiversity. So far, researches on diversity of ciliates in wetland have been carried out in low- and mid-latitude regions of world, but not yet in high-latitude. The preliminary work of the applicant initially showed that there were unique ciliate fauna structures and high species diversity in high-latitude cold-temperature habitats. It is speculated that “high-latitude swamp wetlands have different community structure and diversity from low- and mid-latitude wetlands. In this project, the marsh wetland in the Sanjiang Plain which lies in high-latitude region and has complicated and deteriorating ecosystems, is selected as the sampling site, and multiple modern morphological methods combined with molecular biological research methods, are used. Additionally, taxonomic identification and DNA database construction will be carried out. The data of habitats and the spatial and temporal distributions of ciliates in the marsh wetland of Sanjiang Plain will be got. Basic data of ciliate biodiversity in high-latitude wetland will be constructed, and differences in ciliate fauna and community composition between high and low latitude wetlands will be compared, in order to provide the necessary basic information for environmental protection and monitoring in the area, and lay an important foundation for further study of ciliates isolated from global marsh wetland.