An Evolutionary Hypothesis of Binary Opposition in Functional Incompatibility about Habenular Asymmetry in Vertebrates.
An Evolutionary Hypothesis of Binary Opposition in Functional Incompatibility about Habenular Asymmetry in Vertebrates.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2016.00595
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Takeuchi Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ichijo H;Nakamura T;Kawaguchi M;Takeuchi Y
许多脊椎动物的神经系统有不对称的回路。有两种类型的电路不对称。感觉和/或运动系统中的不对称回路通常与偏侧行为有关。有人假设，环境和/或社会相互作用中的空间不对称导致了自然选择导致的不对称回路的进化。也有与偏侧行为无关的不对称回路。这些回路位于感觉和运动系统之外。一个典型的例子是缰核(Hb)，它在许多脊椎动物中早就被认为是不对称的，但与偏侧行为没有显著的关系。相反，Hb是一个中枢，传递给单侧Hb的信息被传递到发散的双侧核，这不太可能导致偏侧化的行为。到目前为止，还没有关于Hb不对称性演变的假说。在这里，我们提出了一个新的假设，即功能不相容中的二元对立对缰核回路施加选择压力，并导致不对称。缰核两侧不相容功能的分离可能会通过创建更短的电路和降低电路复制的成本来增强信息处理能力，从而对生存产生好处。在斑马鱼和老鼠中，不同的进化策略被认为与Hb不对称有关。在斑马鱼中，使用结构固定的不对称策略，不对称的背部Hb导致在二元对立中不断的行为选择。相反，在使用功能灵活侧化策略的小鼠中，对称的外侧Hb在功能上是侧化的。这使得处理复杂的信息成为可能，并根据具体情况做出不同的行为选择。这些策略被认为是在斑马鱼和老鼠的刚性和灵活性的选择压力下分别被进化选择和保存的，因为它们有利于生存。这一假说非常有价值，因为它解释了Hb在不同物种之间的不对称和偏侧化方面的不同进化。此外，在未来的研究中，可以提出可能的实验来验证这一假说。
Many vertebrates have asymmetrical circuits in the nervous system. There are two types of circuit asymmetry. Asymmetrical circuits in sensory and/or motor systems are usually related to lateralized behaviors. It has been hypothesized that spatial asymmetry in the environment and/or social interactions has led to the evolution of asymmetrical circuits by natural selection. There are also asymmetrical circuits that are not related to lateralized behaviors. These circuits lie outside of the sensory and motor systems. A typical example is found in the habenula (Hb), which has long been known to be asymmetrical in many vertebrates, but has no remarkable relationship to lateralized behaviors. Instead, the Hb is a hub wherein information conveyed to the unilateral Hb is relayed to diverging bilateral nuclei, which is unlikely to lead to lateralized behavior. Until now, there has been no hypothesis regarding the evolution of Hb asymmetry. Here, we propose a new hypothesis that binary opposition in functional incompatibility applies selection pressure on the habenular circuit and leads to asymmetry. Segregation of the incompatible functions on either side of the habenula is likely to enhance information processing ability via creating shorter circuits and reducing the cost of circuit duplication, resulting in benefits for survival. In zebrafish and mice, different evolutionary strategies are thought to be involved in Hb asymmetry. In zebrafish, which use a strategy of structurally fixed asymmetry, the asymmetrical dorsal Hb leads to constant behavioral choices in binary opposition. In contrast, in mice, which use a strategy of functionally flexible lateralization, the symmetrical lateral Hb is functionally lateralized. This makes it possible to process complicated information and to come to variable behavioral choices, depending on the specific situation. These strategies are thought to be selected for and preserved by evolution under selection pressures of rigidity and flexibility of sociability in zebrafish and mice, respectively, as they are beneficial for survival. This hypothesis is highly valuable because it explains how the Hb evolved differently in terms of asymmetry and lateralization among different species. In addition, one can propose possible experiments for the verification of this hypothesis in future research.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Hétu S;Luo Y;Saez I;D'Ardenne K;Lohrenz T;Montague PR
通讯作者：
Montague PR
影响因子：
34.7
作者：
Hikosaka, Okihide
通讯作者：
Hikosaka, Okihide
影响因子：
3
作者：
Baker PM;Oh SE;Kidder KS;Mizumori SJ
通讯作者：
Mizumori SJ
DOI：
10.1037/h0046406
发表时间：
1955-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BRADY, JV;NAUTA, WJH
通讯作者：
NAUTA, WJH
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Amo, Ryunosuke;Aizawa, Hidenori;Okamoto, Hitoshi
通讯作者：
Okamoto, Hitoshi