Immunity promotes virulence evolution in a malaria model.

Immunity promotes virulence evolution in a malaria model.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.0020230
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发表时间:
2004-09
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Read AF
Read AF
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mackinnon MJ;Read AF

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进化模型预测宿主免疫力将影响寄生虫毒力的进化。虽然这些模型的一些假设已经得到了验证,但免疫选择对毒力的实际进化结果还没有。使用小鼠疟疾模型,夏氏疟原虫,我们实验性地测试了免疫压力是否通过使用连续传代在免疫和非免疫(“幼稚”)小鼠中进化寄生虫系来促进更致命的病原体的进化。我们发现,在免疫小鼠中进化的寄生虫系对幼稚和免疫小鼠的毒性比幼稚小鼠中进化的寄生虫系更强。当这些进化的品系通过蚊子传播时,所有品系的毒力普遍降低。然而,免疫选择的品系对幼稚小鼠的毒性仍然高于幼稚选择的品系,尽管对免疫小鼠没有毒性。因此,免疫选择加速了毒力进化的速度,使寄生虫对幼稚宿主更具危险性。这些结果表明,进一步考虑疫苗接种的病原体毒力的进化后果。针对疟疾的免疫接种可以促进小鼠体内毒性更强的病原体的进化,使未免疫的小鼠更加脆弱-这一结果对疟疾疫苗的开发具有重要意义
Evolutionary models predict that host immunity will shape the evolution of parasite virulence. While some assumptions of these models have been tested, the actual evolutionary outcome of immune selection on virulence has not. Using the mouse malaria model, Plasmodium chabaudi, we experimentally tested whether immune pressure promotes the evolution of more virulent pathogens by evolving parasite lines in immunized and nonimmunized (“naïve”) mice using serial passage. We found that parasite lines evolved in immunized mice became more virulent to both naïve and immune mice than lines evolved in naïve mice. When these evolved lines were transmitted through mosquitoes, there was a general reduction in virulence across all lines. However, the immune-selected lines remained more virulent to naïve mice than the naïve-selected lines, though not to immunized mice. Thus, immune selection accelerated the rate of virulence evolution, rendering parasites more dangerous to naïve hosts. These results argue for further consideration of the evolutionary consequences for pathogen virulence of vaccination. Immunisation against malaria can promote the evolution of more virulent pathogens in mice, making non-immunised mice more vulnerable -- a result with important implications for the development of malaria vaccines
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