The Comparison of Different Constitutive Laws and Fiber Architectures for the Aortic Valve on Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation.

The Comparison of Different Constitutive Laws and Fiber Architectures for the Aortic Valve on Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation.
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DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2021.682893
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Gao H
Gao H
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cai L;Zhang R;Li Y;Zhu G;Ma X;Wang Y;Luo X;Gao H

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建立在混合浸入边界/有限元(IB/FE)方法,流体-结构相互作用(FSI)模拟的主动脉瓣(AV)的动态与三种不同的本构关系和两种不同的纤维结构的AV瓣叶。使用理想化的AV模型并将其安装在直管中,并且将三元件Windkessel模型进一步附接到主动脉。在获得猪AV瓣叶的离体双轴拉伸试验后,我们首先通过将从本构关系导出的分析拉伸-应力关系与实验测量数据相匹配来确定所选三种本构关系的本构参数。平均误差和相关R平方值均表明,具有纤维和交叉纤维方向的指数项的各向异性非线性本构关系可能更适合于表征AV瓣叶的力学行为。然后,我们从结构力学和血液动力学的模拟结果进行了彻底的比较。与其他两种本构关系相比,纤维方向和交叉纤维方向均具有指数项的各向异性非线性本构关系在张开状态下具有更大的瓣叶位移,最大的前向射流,较小的反向射流。我们进一步分析了六个不同病例的血流动力学参数,包括血流动力学分数、平均跨瓣压差、有效瓣口面积和左心室能量损失。我们发现,具有贴体取向的纤维结构在小叶中表现出更好的动态行为,特别是在纤维和交叉纤维方向上使用指数项的本构关系。总之,本构关系和纤维结构都可以影响AV动力学。我们的研究结果进一步表明,纤维和交叉纤维方向的指数项的应变能函数可能更适合于描述AV瓣叶的力学行为。需要进一步的实验研究来确定AV瓣叶及其相关纤维取向的本构关系。虽然在目前的AV模型中存在的局限性,我们的研究结果提供了重要的信息,选择适当的本构关系和纤维结构时,模拟AV动力学。
Built on the hybrid immersed boundary/finite element (IB/FE) method, fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulations of aortic valve (AV) dynamics are performed with three different constitutive laws and two different fiber architectures for the AV leaflets. An idealized AV model is used and mounted in a straight tube, and a three-element Windkessel model is further attached to the aorta. After obtaining ex vivo biaxial tensile testing of porcine AV leaflets, we first determine the constitutive parameters of the selected three constitutive laws by matching the analytical stretch–stress relations derived from constitutive laws to the experimentally measured data. Both the average error and relevant R-squared value reveal that the anisotropic non-linear constitutive law with exponential terms for both the fiber and cross-fiber directions could be more suitable for characterizing the mechanical behaviors of the AV leaflets. We then thoroughly compare the simulation results from both structural mechanics and hemodynamics. Compared to the other two constitutive laws, the anisotropic non-linear constitutive law with exponential terms for both the fiber and cross-fiber directions shows the larger leaflet displacements at the opened state, the largest forward jet flow, the smaller regurgitant flow. We further analyze hemodynamic parameters of the six different cases, including the regurgitant fraction, the mean transvalvular pressure gradient, the effective orifice area, and the energy loss of the left ventricle. We find that the fiber architecture with body-fitted orientation shows better dynamic behaviors in the leaflets, especially with the constitutive law using exponential terms for both the fiber and cross-fiber directions. In conclusion, both constitutive laws and fiber architectures can affect AV dynamics. Our results further suggest that the strain energy function with exponential terms for both the fiber and cross-fiber directions could be more suitable for describing the AV leaflet mechanical behaviors. Future experimental studies are needed to identify competent constitutive laws for the AV leaflets and their associated fiber orientations with controlled experiments. Although limitations exist in the present AV model, our results provide important information for selecting appropriate constitutive laws and fiber architectures when modeling AV dynamics.
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