Cadmium, diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

Cadmium, diabetes and chronic kidney disease.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.taap.2009.03.007
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发表时间:
2009-08-01
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Prozialeck WC
Prozialeck WC
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Edwards JR;Prozialeck WC

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最近的流行病学研究表明,暴露于环境污染物镉(Cd)和糖尿病的发病率和严重程度之间的正相关。在这篇综述中,我们研究了文献表明镉暴露,血糖水平升高,糖尿病的发展之间的关系。此外,我们回顾人类和动物的研究表明,镉增强或加重糖尿病肾病。我们还审查了各种可能的细胞机制,镉可能会改变血糖水平。此外,我们提出了一些新的发现,从我们自己的实验室表明,镉升高空腹血糖水平的亚慢性镉暴露的动物模型之前,明显的肾功能不全的迹象是显而易见的。这些研究还表明,镉降低胰岛素水平,并对胰腺有直接的细胞毒性作用。总之,这些研究结果表明,镉可能是某些类型的糖尿病的发展中的一个因素,他们提出的可能性,镉和糖尿病相关的高血糖症可能会协同作用,损害肾脏。
Recent epidemiological studies suggest a positive association between exposure to the environmental pollutant cadmium (Cd) and the incidence and severity of diabetes. In this review, we examine the literature suggesting a relationship between Cd exposure, elevated blood glucose levels, and the development of diabetes. In addition we review human and animal studies indicating that Cd potentiates or exacerbates diabetic nephropathy. We also review the various possible cellular mechanisms by which Cd may alter blood glucose levels. In addition, we present some novel findings from our own laboratories showing that Cd elevates fasting blood glucose levels in an animal model of subchronic Cd exposure before overt signs of renal dysfunction are evident. These studies also show that Cd reduces insulin levels and has direct cytotoxic effects on the pancreas. Together, these findings indicate that Cd may be a factor in the development of some types of diabetes and they raise the possibility that Cd and diabetes-related hyperglycemia may act synergistically to damage the kidney.
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