Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in schizophrenia.
Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2019.08.013
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发表时间：
2019-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lazar M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKenna FF;Miles L;Babb JS;Goff DC;Lazar M
先前的死后研究表明，精神分裂症患者的灰质（GM）微结构异常。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究在精神分裂症的体内检测转基因显微结构的完整性。在这里，我们采用扩散峰度成像（DKI）来检测18名精神分裂症（SZ）患者与19名健康对照（HC）的GM微结构差异。使用dki衍生的平均峰度（MK）和平均扩散率（MD）指标来表征每个参与者的GM微观结构。单个t1加权图像用于创建受试者特定的四个皮质叶和68个皮质GM区域的皮质标记感兴趣区域（roi），并得出相关的皮质厚度和面积测量。得到的roi也被注册到每个受试者的扩散空间，并用于生成特定区域的平均MK和MD值。此外，我们使用威斯康辛卡片分类测试（WCST）、Stroop测试和轨迹制作测试B部分（Trail -B）来测试SZ的GM指标与执行功能之间的关系。我们发现，与HC参与者相比，SZ参与者的颞叶、叶下颞皮质区（梭状回、下颞、中颞和颞极）和后扣带皮层的MK和MD显著增加。相关分析显示MK和MD与WCST、Stroop和Trails-B测试得出的执行功能评分显著相关，同时MK和MD与皮质厚度和面积呈反比关系。一项分层多元线性回归分析显示，高达85%的精神分裂症患者认知功能的受试者间变异可以用MK与GM厚度或面积的结合来解释。MK和MD似乎对精神分裂症的GM微结构病理敏感，可能为这种疾病的异常皮质微结构提供有用的生物标志物。
Prior post-mortem studies have shown gray matter (GM) microstructural abnormalities in schizophrenia. However, few studies to-date have examined GM microstructural integrity in schizophrenia in vivo. Here, we employed diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to test for differences in GM microstructure in eighteen schizophrenia (SZ) patients versus nineteen healthy controls (HC). GM microstructure was characterized in each participant using DKI-derived metrics of mean kurtosis (MK) and mean diffusivity (MD). Individual T1-weighted images were used to create subject-specific cortically-labelled regions of interest (ROIs) of the four cortical lobes and sixty-eight cortical GM regions delineated by the Desikan-Killiany atlas, and to derive the associated cortical thickness and area measures. The derived ROIs were also registered to the diffusion space of each subject and used to generate region-specific mean MK and MD values. We additionally administered the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop test, and Trail Making Test part B (Trails-B) to test the relationship between GM metrics and executive function in SZ. We found significantly increased MK and MD in SZ compared to HC participants in the temporal lobe, sub-lobar temporal cortical regions (fusiform, inferior temporal, middle temporal and temporal pole), and posterior cingulate cortex after correcting for multiple comparisons. Correlational analyses revealed significant associations of MK and MD with executive function scores derived from the WCST, Stroop, and Trails-B tests, along with an inverse relationship between MK and MD and cortical thickness and area. A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis showed that up to 85% of the inter-subject variability in cognitive function in schizophrenia measured by the WCST could be explained by MK in combination with either GM thickness or area. MK and MD appear to be sensitive to GM microstructural pathology in schizophrenia and may provide useful biomarkers of abnormal cortical microstructure in this disorder.
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