Diencephalic organoids - A key to unraveling development, connectivity, and pathology of the human diencephalon.
Diencephalic organoids - A key to unraveling development, connectivity, and pathology of the human diencephalon.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2023.1308479
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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间脑是前脑的一个组成部分，支配着从感觉处理到情绪调节的一系列重要功能。然而，揭示其独特的发展，复杂的连接及其在神经发育障碍中的作用长期以来一直受到人类脑组织稀缺和伦理约束的阻碍。干细胞技术的最新进展，特别是脑类器官的出现，预示着神经科学研究的新时代。虽然迄今为止大多数脑类器官方法都集中在指导干细胞朝向端脑的命运，新技术现在允许产生区域特异性脑类器官，忠实地复制精确的间脑身份。这些模型反映了人类间脑的复杂性，为研究间脑的发育，功能，连接和病理生理学提供了前所未有的机会。这篇综述总结了间脑结构的发育、功能和连接，并涉及与间脑异常相关的发育性脑疾病。此外，它提出了当前间脑类器官模型及其在解开人类间脑发育，功能和病理学的复杂性中的应用。最后，它突出了丘脑皮质类神经元模型，善于捕捉丘脑皮质连接的人类特定方面，沿着与神经发育障碍的相关性。
The diencephalon, an integral component of the forebrain, governs a spectrum of crucial functions, ranging from sensory processing to emotional regulation. Yet, unraveling its unique development, intricate connectivity, and its role in neurodevelopmental disorders has long been hampered by the scarcity of human brain tissue and ethical constraints. Recent advancements in stem cell technology, particularly the emergence of brain organoids, have heralded a new era in neuroscience research. Although most brain organoid methodologies have hitherto concentrated on directing stem cells toward telencephalic fates, novel techniques now permit the generation of region-specific brain organoids that faithfully replicate precise diencephalic identities. These models mirror the complexity of the human diencephalon, providing unprecedented opportunities for investigating diencephalic development, functionality, connectivity, and pathophysiology in vitro. This review summarizes the development, function, and connectivity of diencephalic structures and touches upon developmental brain disorders linked to diencephalic abnormalities. Furthermore, it presents current diencephalic organoid models and their applications in unraveling the intricacies of diencephalic development, function, and pathology in humans. Lastly, it highlights thalamocortical assembloid models, adept at capturing human-specific aspects of thalamocortical connections, along with their relevance in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Elvsåshagen T;Shadrin A;Frei O;van der Meer D;Bahrami S;Kumar VJ;Smeland O;Westlye LT;Andreassen OA;Kaufmann T
通讯作者：
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丘脑皮质功能连接异常与精神分裂症认知缺陷之间的关联
影响因子：
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作者：
Chen, Pinhong;Ye, Enmao;Wang, Lubin
通讯作者：
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