Gamma Synchronization Influences Map Formation Time in a Topological Model of Spatial Learning.

Gamma Synchronization Influences Map Formation Time in a Topological Model of Spatial Learning.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005114
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发表时间:
2016-09
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Dabaghian Y
Dabaghian Y
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Basso E;Arai M;Dabaghian Y

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The mammalian hippocampus plays a crucial role in producing a cognitive map of space—an internalized representation of the animal’s environment. We have previously shown that it is possible to model this map formation using a topological framework, in which information about the environment is transmitted through the temporal organization of neuronal spiking activity, particularly those occasions in which the firing of different place cells overlaps. In this paper, we discuss how gamma rhythm, one of the main components of the extracellular electrical field potential affects the efficiency of place cell map formation. Using methods of algebraic topology and the maximal entropy principle, we demonstrate that gamma modulation synchronizes the spiking of dynamical cell assemblies, which enables learning a spatial map at faster timescales. One of the goals of theoretical systems neuroscience is to connect parameters of neuronal activity observed in electrophysiological experiments, such as cell firing rates, frequencies and amplitudes of the brain rhythms, with cognitive phenomena that emerge at the scale of large groups of cells. In previous work, we proposed an approach for modeling one such phenomenon: spatial learning in the mammalian hippocampus. This approach rested on the hypothesis that hippocampal neurons encode a rough-and-ready topological map of an environment, whereas geometric details likely come from multiple inputs from other brain regions. A key property of this model is that it allows us to estimate the effect produced by different parameters of neuronal activity on spatial learning. In particular, it we showed that theta oscillations strongly enhance the ability of the place cell ensembles to learn topologically accurate spatial maps. In this work, we show that synchronization of neuronal spiking activity by the other major component of the oscillating extracellular cell potential—the gamma rhythm—also enhances both spatial learning and the retrieval of spatial memories at the physiological timescale.
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