The CRISP theory of hippocampal function in episodic memory.
The CRISP theory of hippocampal function in episodic memory.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2013.00088
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Cheng S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng S
在过去的四十年里，出现了一个“标准框架”来解释情景记忆存储的神经机制。这一框架在推动海马研究向前发展方面发挥了重要作用，现在主导了实验和理论研究的设计和解释。它假设皮质输入驱动可塑性的复发角ammonis 3（CA3）突触迅速印记记忆作为吸引状态在CA3。在这里，我们回顾了一系列的实验研究，并认为，反对标准框架的证据正在增加，尽管有相当多的证据支持它。我们提出CRISP作为标准框架的替代理论。CRISP基于齿状回（DG）的上下文重置，CA3中的内在序列和角氨1（CA1）中的模式完成。与以前的模型相比，CRISP使用了一种完全不同的机制来存储海马体中的情景记忆。神经序列是CA3固有的，并且输入通过海马体的前馈投射中的突触可塑性映射到这些固有序列上。因此，CRISP在储存过程中不需要复发性CA3突触的可塑性。然而，与其他理论一样，DG和CA1在CRISP中起着辅助作用，它们在CRISP中的功能具有不同的含义。例如，CA1在没有CA3的情况下执行模式完成，DG有助于情景记忆检索，提高检索的速度，精度和鲁棒性。我们提出的概念理论，讨论其对实验结果的影响，并提出可检验的预测。CRISP不仅解释了那些与标准框架一致的实验结果，而且还解释了与标准框架不一致的结果。因此，我们认为CRISP是一个可行的，也许是上级，理论海马功能的情节记忆。
Over the past four decades, a “standard framework” has emerged to explain the neural mechanisms of episodic memory storage. This framework has been instrumental in driving hippocampal research forward and now dominates the design and interpretation of experimental and theoretical studies. It postulates that cortical inputs drive plasticity in the recurrent cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) synapses to rapidly imprint memories as attractor states in CA3. Here we review a range of experimental studies and argue that the evidence against the standard framework is mounting, notwithstanding the considerable evidence in its support. We propose CRISP as an alternative theory to the standard framework. CRISP is based on Context Reset by dentate gyrus (DG), Intrinsic Sequences in CA3, and Pattern completion in cornu ammonis 1 (CA1). Compared to previous models, CRISP uses a radically different mechanism for storing episodic memories in the hippocampus. Neural sequences are intrinsic to CA3, and inputs are mapped onto these intrinsic sequences through synaptic plasticity in the feedforward projections of the hippocampus. Hence, CRISP does not require plasticity in the recurrent CA3 synapses during the storage process. Like in other theories DG and CA1 play supporting roles, however, their function in CRISP have distinct implications. For instance, CA1 performs pattern completion in the absence of CA3 and DG contributes to episodic memory retrieval, increasing the speed, precision, and robustness of retrieval. We propose the conceptual theory, discuss its implications for experimental results and suggest testable predictions. It appears that CRISP not only accounts for those experimental results that are consistent with the standard framework, but also for results that are at odds with the standard framework. We therefore suggest that CRISP is a viable, and perhaps superior, theory for the hippocampal function in episodic memory.
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