Pattern-recognition receptors are required for NLR-mediated plant immunity.
Pattern-recognition receptors are required for NLR-mediated plant immunity.
复制标题
NLR 介导的植物免疫需要模式识别受体
DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-03316-6
复制
发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Xin XF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuan M;Jiang Z;Bi G;Nomura K;Liu M;Wang Y;Cai B;Zhou JM;He SY;Xin XF
植物免疫系统是植物在自然生态系统中生存和作物田间生产力的基础。大量证据支持流行的观点，即植物具有两层先天免疫系统，称为模式触发免疫（PTI）和效应触发免疫（ETI）。PTI由微生物模式通过细胞表面定位的模式识别受体（PRR）触发，而ETI由病原体效应蛋白通过主要位于细胞内的称为核苷酸结合的富亮氨酸重复受体（NLR）的受体激活。PTI和ETI由不同的激活机制启动，并涉及不同的早期信号级联反应。在这里，我们发现，在用不相容的假单胞菌进行攻击时，假单胞菌PRR和PRR共受体突变体fls 2 efr cerk 1和bak 1 bkk 1 cerk 1三联突变体在ETI反应中明显受损。我们进一步表明，NADPH氧化酶RBOHD产生活性氧是连接PRR和NLR介导的免疫的关键早期信号事件，并且受体样细胞质激酶BIK 1对于ETI期间RBOHD、基因表达和细菌抗性的完全激活是必需的。此外，NLR信号传导迅速增加关键PTI组分的转录物和/或蛋白质水平。我们的研究支持了一个修正模型，其中PTI的增强是细菌感染过程中ETI不可或缺的组成部分。这个修订后的模型在概念上统一了两个主要的免疫信号级联在植物和机械解释了一些长期观察到的相似性，在下游防御输出之间的PTI和ETI。
The plant immune system is fundamental for plant survival in natural ecosystems and for productivity in crop fields. Substantial evidence supports the prevailing notion that plants possess a two-tiered innate immune system, called pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). PTI is triggered by microbial patterns via cell surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), whereas ETI is activated by pathogen effector proteins via predominantly intracellularly localized receptors called nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs), , –. PTI and ETI are initiated by distinct activation mechanisms and involve different early signalling cascades,. Here we show thatArabidopsisPRR and PRR co-receptor mutants—fls2 efr cerk1andbak1 bkk1 cerk1triple mutants—are markedly impaired in ETI responses when challenged with incompatiblePseudomonas syrinagebacteria. We further show that the production of reactive oxygen species by the NADPH oxidase RBOHD is a critical early signalling event connecting PRR- and NLR-mediated immunity, and that the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BIK1 is necessary for full activation of RBOHD, gene expression and bacterial resistance during ETI. Moreover, NLR signalling rapidly augments the transcript and/or protein levels of key PTI components. Our study supports a revised model in which potentiation of PTI is an indispensable component of ETI during bacterial infection. This revised model conceptually unites two major immune signalling cascades in plants and mechanistically explains some of the long-observed similarities in downstream defence outputs between PTI and ETI.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Nemhauser, Jennifer L.;Hong, Fangxin;Chory, Joanne
通讯作者：
Chory, Joanne
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Hartmann, Michael;Zeier, Tatyana;Zeier, Juergen
通讯作者：
Zeier, Juergen
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Axtell, MJ;Staskawicz, BJ
通讯作者：
Staskawicz, BJ
影响因子：
16
作者：
Kadota, Yasuhiro;Sklenar, Jan;Zipfel, Cyril
通讯作者：
Zipfel, Cyril
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
McNellis, TW;Mudgett, MB;Staskawicz, BJ
通讯作者：
Staskawicz, BJ