Lipid droplets as ubiquitous fat storage organelles in C. elegans.
Lipid droplets as ubiquitous fat storage organelles in C. elegans.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2121-11-96
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发表时间：
2010-12-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mak HY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang SO;Trimble R;Guo F;Mak HY
脂滴是一类用于储存中性脂肪（例如三酰甘油（TAG）和胆固醇酯（CE））的真核细胞细胞器。我们和其他人最近报道称，溶酶体相关细胞器（LRO）并不是线虫中的脂肪储存结构。我们还报道了一类过氧化物酶体脂肪酸β-氧化突变体中增大的脂滴的形成。在本研究中，我们寻求提供有关野生型和突变型秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪储存结构的细胞器性质和生物物理特性的进一步证据。在这项研究中，我们提供了缺乏溶酶体相关细胞器（LRO）的野生型和突变型线虫中脂滴的生化、组织学和超微结构证据。活体动物中脂滴的形成和 BODIPY 脂肪酸类似物对脂滴的靶向不依赖于溶酶体运输或过氧化物酶体功能障碍。然而，尼罗红靶向活体动物脂滴的情况仅发生在过氧化物酶体缺陷的突变体中。尼罗红标记的脂质液滴的特征在于其荧光发射光谱与尼罗红标记的 LRO 不同。此外，我们表明最近开发的后固定尼罗红染色方法专门标记脂滴。我们的结果证明脂滴是普遍存在的脂肪储存细胞器，并为先前关于线虫脂肪标记方法的研究提供了统一的解释。这些结果对于研究秀丽隐杆线虫强大的遗传系统中的脂肪储存和脂滴调节具有重要的应用。
Lipid droplets are a class of eukaryotic cell organelles for storage of neutral fat such as triacylglycerol (TAG) and cholesterol ester (CE). We and others have recently reported that lysosome-related organelles (LROs) are not fat storage structures in the nematode C. elegans. We also reported the formation of enlarged lipid droplets in a class of peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation mutants. In the present study, we seek to provide further evidence on the organelle nature and biophysical properties of fat storage structures in wild-type and mutant C. elegans. In this study, we provide biochemical, histological and ultrastructural evidence of lipid droplets in wild-type and mutant C. elegans that lack lysosome related organelles (LROs). The formation of lipid droplets and the targeting of BODIPY fatty acid analogs to lipid droplets in live animals are not dependent on lysosomal trafficking or peroxisome dysfunction. However, the targeting of Nile Red to lipid droplets in live animals occurs only in mutants with defective peroxisomes. Nile Red labelled-lipid droplets are characterized by a fluorescence emission spectrum distinct from that of Nile Red labelled-LROs. Moreover, we show that the recently developed post-fix Nile Red staining method labels lipid droplets exclusively. Our results demonstrate lipid droplets as ubiquitous fat storage organelles and provide a unified explanation for previous studies on fat labelling methods in C. elegans. These results have important applications to the studies of fat storage and lipid droplet regulation in the powerful genetic system, C. elegans.
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