Chromosome position at the spindle equator is regulated by chromokinesin and a bipolar microtubule array.
Chromosome position at the spindle equator is regulated by chromokinesin and a bipolar microtubule array.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep02808
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发表时间：
2013-09-30
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Ishiwata, Shin'ichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takagi, Jun;Itabashi, Takeshi;Suzuki, Kazuya;Ishiwata, Shin'ichi
染色体的排列分别由作用在染色体臂和动点上的极点抛射和极向力来调节。尽管运动机械的组成部分，如嗜铬激动素，已经被描述出来，但它们在纺锤体内的动力学却鲜为人知。在这里，我们展示了一个量子点(QDot)与四个非洲爪哇嗜铬细胞激动素(XKID)分子结合在一起，在减数分裂纺锤体中表现出纳米大小的染色体臂的行为，纺锤体在细胞质卵子提取物中是自组织的。XKID-Qdots通过改变几个轨迹沿微管长距离移动，导致它们向中期板聚集并分布在中期板周围。分析表明，微管的运动方向和速度取决于纺锤体内微管的极性分布。因此，这一机制受染色动蛋白马达的控制，该马达依赖于对称的微管取向，这可能允许染色体保持其在纺锤体赤道周围的位置，直到建立正确的微管-动粒连接。
The chromosome alignment is mediated by polar ejection and poleward forces acting on the chromosome arm and kinetochores, respectively. Although components of the motile machinery such as chromokinesin have been characterized, their dynamics within the spindle is poorly understood. Here we show that a quantum dot (Qdot) binding up to four Xenopus chromokinesin (Xkid) molecules behaved like a nanosize chromosome arm in the meiotic spindle, which is self-organized in cytoplasmic egg extracts. Xkid-Qdots travelled long distances along microtubules by changing several tracks, resulting in their accumulation toward and distribution around the metaphase plate. The analysis indicated that the direction of motion and velocity depend on the distribution of microtubule polarity within the spindle. Thus, this mechanism is governed by chromokinesin motors, which is dependent on symmetrical microtubule orientation that may allow chromosomes to maintain their position around the spindle equator until correct microtubule–kinetochore attachment is established.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrm2832
发表时间：
2010-02
期刊：
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
McIntosh, J. Richard;Molodtsov, Maxim I.;Ataullakhanov, Fazly I.
通讯作者：
Ataullakhanov, Fazly I.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Bieling, Peter;Kronja, Iva;Surrey, Thomas
通讯作者：
Surrey, Thomas
影响因子：
4
作者：
Meunier, Sylvain;Vernos, Isabelle
通讯作者：
Vernos, Isabelle
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Tseng, Boo Shan;Tan, Lei;Funabiki, Hironori
通讯作者：
Funabiki, Hironori