Motor learning and consolidation: the case of visuomotor rotation.

Motor learning and consolidation: the case of visuomotor rotation.
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DOI:
10.1007/978-0-387-77064-2_21
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发表时间:
2009
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Krakauer, John W.
Krakauer, John W.
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Krakauer, John W.

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对视觉运动旋转的适应是一种特殊形式的运动学习,不同于力场适应、序列学习和技能学习。尽管如此,对视觉运动旋转的适应研究已经产生了许多可能对程序学习和记忆具有普遍重要性的发现和原则。首先,旋转学习是内隐的,似乎是通过减少前向模型产生的视觉预测误差来进行的,这种内隐适应即使在与明确的任务目标相冲突时也会发生。第二,旋转学习受到不同形式的干扰:逆行性、后效性的逆行性和检索的上下文阻塞。第三,如果使用内隐上下文线索(效应者变化)而不是外显线索(颜色变化),则可以在短时间间隔内不受干扰地回忆相反的旋转。第四,随着时间的推移和初始训练的增加(饱和学习),轮换学习得到巩固。
Adaptation to visuomotor rotation is a particular form of motor learning distinct from force-field adaptation, sequence learning, and skill learning. Nevertheless, study of adaptation to visuomotor rotation has yielded a number of findings and principles that are likely of general importance to procedural learning and memory. First, rotation learning is implicit and appears to proceed through reduction in a visual prediction error generated by a forward model, such implicit adaptation occurs even when it is in conflict with an explicit task goal. Second, rotation learning is subject to different forms of interference: retrograde, anterograde through aftereffects, and contextual blocking of retrieval. Third, opposite rotations can be recalled within a short time interval without interference if implicit contextual cues (effector change) rather than explicit cues (color change) are used. Fourth, rotation learning consolidates both over time and with increased initial training (saturation learning).
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