Sexuality and the limits of agency among South African teenage women: theorising femininities and their connections to HIV risk practices.
Sexuality and the limits of agency among South African teenage women: theorising femininities and their connections to HIV risk practices.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.05.020
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发表时间：
2012-06
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Morrell, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jewkes, R.;Morrell, R.
关键词：
在南非，艾滋病毒和基于性别的暴力非常普遍。两性不平等使男子对年轻妇女拥有相当大的关系权力，特别是在贫穷和性行为得到物质回报的情况下。年轻妇女经常被描述为男性的受害者，但这并不能充分解释妇女观察到的性行为。本文采取了不同的方法。我们使用定性访谈和民族志观察16个年轻女性从农村东开普省，探讨年轻女性如何构建自己的女性和行使机构。这些数据是作为“踏脚石”评价的一部分收集的，“踏脚石”是一种旨在实现性别变革的参与性艾滋病毒预防行为干预措施。代理在约会“游戏”的特定阶段最显着，特别是关系的开始。对理想男人的定义各不相同，但一般都反映了避免暴力的愿望，以及对相互尊重、性快感、浪漫、现代、地位和金钱的追求。一旦双方同意建立关系，主动权就会受到限制，因为男子希望通过暴力和非暴力的方式控制自己的伴侣。妇女知道这一点，许多人接受了这种待遇，但往往表现出矛盾的心理。许多女性表达了高度默许的女性气质，权力屈服于男性，作为一种“选择”，使她们的生活在文化方面更有意义。与此形成鲜明对比的是一种“现代”女性气质，围绕着对“自由”的渴望。一个明显的第三种立场，特别是在踏脚石干预之后出现的，不是基于女权主义者对父权制的挑战，而是基于对男性权力的迁就，同时寻求在与男性的关系中谈判更大的尊重和非暴力。这些多样而动态的女性特质为变革提供了可能性。它们表明，有必要让妇女参与进来，因为她们既是父权制的受害者，又是性别秩序的积极支持者。妇女的希望和愿望以及情感和关系满足的环境多种多样，这为对妇女采取干预措施提供了可能性，这些干预措施承认现有的两性不平等，确认妇女的能动性，减少暴力和预防艾滋病毒。
In South Africa, both HIV and gender-based violence are highly prevalent. Gender inequalities give men considerable relational power over young women, particularly in circumstances of poverty and where sex is materially rewarded. Young women are often described as victims of men, but this inadequately explains women’s observed sexual agency. This paper takes a different approach. We use qualitative interviews and ethnographic observation among 16 young women from the rural Eastern Cape to explore ways young women construct their femininities and exercise agency. The data were collected as part of an evaluation of Stepping Stones, which is a participatory behavioural intervention for HIV prevention that seeks to be gender transformative. Agency was most notable in particular stages of the dating ‘game’, especially relationship initiation. Constructions of desirable men differed but generally reflected a wish to avoid violence, and a search for mutual respect, sexual pleasure, romance, modernity, status and money. Agency was constrained once relationships were consented to, as men expected to control their partners, using violent and non-violent methods. Women knew this and many accepted this treatment, although often expressing ambivalence. Many of the women expressed highly acquiescent femininities, with power surrendered to men, as a ‘choice’ that made their lives in cultural terms more meaningful. In marked contrast to this was a ‘modern’ femininity, centred around a desire to be ‘free’. A visible third position, notably emerging after the Stepping Stones intervention, rested not on a feminist challenge to patriarchy, but on an accommodation with men’s power whilst seeking to negotiate greater respect and non-violence within relations with men. These multiple and dynamic femininities open up possibilities for change. They demonstrate the need to engage with women, both as victims of patriarchy and active supporters of the gender order. The multiplicity of women’s hopes and desires and circumstances of emotional and relational fulfilment provides potential for interventions with women that acknowledge existing gender inequalities, validate women’s agency, reduce violence and prevent HIV.
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影响因子：
0.5
作者：
Barlow, Tani;Dong, Madeleine;Weinbaum, Alys
通讯作者：
Weinbaum, Alys
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Jewkes, R;Penn-Kekana, L;Rose-Junius, H
通讯作者：
Rose-Junius, H
影响因子：
6
作者：
Jewkes, Rachel;Morrell, Robert
通讯作者：
Morrell, Robert
DOI：
10.1136/bmj.a506
发表时间：
2008-08-07
期刊：
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jewkes R;Nduna M;Levin J;Jama N;Dunkle K;Puren A;Duvvury N
通讯作者：
Duvvury N
DOI：
10.1080/17457300802423224
发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Campbell JC;Baty ML;Ghandour RM;Stockman JK;Francisco L;Wagman J
通讯作者：
Wagman J