Weighing up the benefits of work: behavioral and neural analyses of effort-related decision making.
Weighing up the benefits of work: behavioral and neural analyses of effort-related decision making.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neunet.2006.03.005
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发表时间：
2006-10
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Rushworth, M. F. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walton, M. E.;Kennerley, S. W.;Bannerman, D. M.;Phillips, P. E. M.;Rushworth, M. F. S.
我们如何决定一项行动是否值得采取，在很大程度上是未知的。最近，神经科学家一直在转向生态学的方法来解决这个问题，研究动物如何评估不同选择的成本和收益。我们在这里展示了来自啮齿动物和猴子的证据，表明它们在决定做出什么反应时，会在多大程度上考虑工作和能量需求。这些计算似乎受到前扣带回(ACC)和中脑边缘多巴胺(DA)通路的关键调节，两者的损害都会导致偏向于容易获得但产生相对较小回报的选择，而不是需要更多工作但产生更大回报的选择。对这类决策的评价似乎是在独立于延迟贴现的系统中进行的。我们认为，从ACC到伏隔核(NAC)和/或中脑DA细胞的自上而下的信号可能对于克服努力相关的反应成本至关重要。
How we decide whether a course of action is worth undertaking is largely unknown. Recently, neuroscientists have been turning to ecological approaches to address this issue, examining how animals evaluate the costs and benefits of different options. We present here evidence from rodents and monkeys that demonstrate the degree to which they take into account work and energetic requirements when deciding what responses to make. These calculations appear to be critically mediated by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and mesolimbic dopamine (DA) pathways, with damage to either causing a bias towards options that are easily obtain but yield relatively smaller reward rather than alternatives that required more work but result in greater reward. The evaluation of such decisions appears to be carried out in systems independent of those involved in delay-discounting. We suggest that top-down signals from ACC to nucleus accumbens (NAc) and/or midbrain DA cells may be vital for overcoming effort-related response costs.
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