Structural modifications of the brain in acclimatization to high-altitude.
Structural modifications of the brain in acclimatization to high-altitude.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0011449
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发表时间：
2010-07-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Liu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang J;Yan X;Shi J;Gong Q;Weng X;Liu Y
高原呼吸和心血管反应的适应性变化已经得到了很好的阐明。然而，HA适应的主要机制尚不清楚。他们的家人在2-3代前由上士迁往医管局，此后一直居住在医管局。对照受试者为匹配的SL居民。HA居民（与SL相比）显示双侧前岛、右侧前扣带皮层、双侧前额叶皮层、左侧中央前皮层和右侧舌皮层的灰质体积减少。HA组患者FA显著高于SL组，主要表现在双侧内囊前肢、双侧上下纵束、胼胝体、双侧上放射冠、双侧前外囊、右侧后扣带和右侧皮质脊髓束。这些区域的FA值升高与HA组与SL组的径向扩散率降低或不变相关，与纵向扩散率无变化相关。相反，HA患者在左侧视光辐射和左侧上纵束的FA较低。我们的数据表明，HA适应与大脑结构改变有关，包括区域皮质灰质的丧失伴随着白质的变化，这可能是HA居民生理适应的基础。
Adaptive changes in respiratory and cardiovascular responses at high altitude (HA) have been well clarified. However, the central mechanisms underlying HA acclimatization remain unclear. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with fractional anisotropy (FA) calculation, we investigated 28 Han immigrant residents (17–22 yr) born and raised at HA of 2616–4200 m in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for at least 17 years and who currently attended college at sea-level (SL). Their family migrated from SL to HA 2–3 generations ago and has resided at HA ever since. Control subjects were matched SL residents. HA residents (vs. SL) showed decreased grey matter volume in the bilateral anterior insula, right anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral prefrontal cortex, left precentral cortex, and right lingual cortex. HA residents (vs. SL) had significantly higher FA mainly in the bilateral anterior limb of internal capsule, bilateral superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, corpus callosum, bilateral superior corona radiata, bilateral anterior external capsule, right posterior cingulum, and right corticospinal tract. Higher FA values in those regions were associated with decreased or unchanged radial diffusivity coinciding with no change of longitudinal diffusivity in HA vs. SL group. Conversely, HA residents had lower FA in the left optic radiation and left superior longitudinal fasciculus. Our data demonstrates that HA acclimatization is associated with brain structural modifications, including the loss of regional cortical grey matter accompanied by changes in the white matter, which may underlie the physiological adaptation of residents at HA.
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