Major increase in allergic sensitization in schoolchildren from 1996 to 2006 in northern Sweden.
Major increase in allergic sensitization in schoolchildren from 1996 to 2006 in northern Sweden.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2009.05.011
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
Lundbaeck, Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roenmark, Eva;Bjerg, Anders;Perzanowski, Matthew;Platts-Mills, Thomas;Lundbaeck, Bo
过敏致敏的时间趋势尚不清楚。比较儿童过敏致敏的流行趋势及相关危险因素。1996年和2006年，两组儿童（7-8岁）被邀请间隔10年进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT）。参与率分别为2148（88%）和1700（90%）。方法相同，使用10种常见的空气中过敏原。父母完成了一份关于过敏症状和可能危险因素的扩展isaac问卷。SPT阳性的患病率从1996年的21%上升到2006年的30% （p<0.001）。致敏模式保持相似，两年中对猫的致敏最常见，分别为13%和19%。在两项调查中，对螨虫和霉菌的敏感性都不常见。过敏家族史是两年SPT阳性的重要危险因素（OR为1.7）。1996年具有保护作用的因素，即农村生活和有几个兄弟姐妹，在2006年失去了这种作用。大多数危险因素的患病率保持相似，但呼吸道感染和父母吸烟显著下降。在同一时期，当前喘息的患病率（11.9%至12.4%,n.s）或鼻炎或湿疹症状没有显著增加。1996年至2006年，过敏致敏率显著增加，但临床症状未见增加。父母吸烟和呼吸道感染的平行减少分别表明环境因素对过敏致敏和临床症状的不同影响。
Time trends for allergic sensitization are poorly known. To compare the trends in prevalence of allergic sensitization and associated risk factors in children. Two cohorts of children (age 7–8 years) were invited to skin prick testing (SPT) ten years apart, 1996 and 2006. Participation rate was 2148 (88%) and 1700 (90%), respectively. The methods were identical and ten common airborne allergens were used. An expanded ISAAC-questionnaire about symptoms and possible risk factors for allergic conditions was completed by the parents. The prevalence of any positive SPT increased from 21% in 1996 to 30% in 2006 (p<0.001). The pattern of sensitization remained similar, and sensitization to cat was most common both years, 13% and 19%, respectively. Sensitization to mites and mould were uncommon in both surveys. A family history of allergy was a significant risk factor for a positive SPT both years (OR 1.7). Factors that in 1996 had a protective effect, i.e. rural living and having several siblings, had lost this effect in 2006. The prevalence of most risk factors remained similar, but respiratory infections and smoking among parents decreased significantly. During the same period there was no significant increase in prevalence of current wheeze (11.9% to 12.4%, n.s.) or symptoms of rhinitis or eczema. The prevalence of allergic sensitization increased significantly from 1996 to 2006, while no increase in clinical symptoms was found. The parallel decrease in parental smoking and respiratory infections indicate a different influence of environmental factors on allergic sensitization and clinical symptoms, respectively.
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