Genome-Wide Analysis of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein Genes in Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea).
Genome-Wide Analysis of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein Genes in Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea).
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无花果蜂（膜翅目、小蜂总科）肽聚糖识别蛋白基因的全基因组分析
DOI：
10.3390/insects11090597
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发表时间：
2020-09-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Xiao JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hou HX;Guo MY;Geng J;Wei XQ;Huang DW;Xiao JH
简单总结昆虫生活在复杂多样的环境中，受到多种微生物的威胁，其先天免疫在防御病原体的入侵方面发挥着重要作用。从进化的角度来看，不同的生活环境和生活方式驱动了昆虫免疫系统不同的进化模式。无花果小蜂与无花果小蜂关系密切，根据是否为无花果授粉分为授粉昆虫和非授粉昆虫。传粉昆虫都是草食性的，在无花果内完成发育，呈现出与非传粉昆虫不同的生活方式和饮食，导致接触病原体的机会差异很大。识别病原体是先天免疫的第一步。因此，我们关注授粉昆虫和非授粉昆虫肽聚糖识别蛋白基因的不同进化模式，发现授粉昆虫肽聚糖识别蛋白基因的数量明显少于非授粉昆虫，且授粉昆虫Toll途径的启动也比非授粉昆虫更简单。所有结果都表明传粉者有一个精简的先天免疫识别系统，这些信息将为宿主特异性昆虫先天免疫的适应性进化提供更多见解。摘要 天然免疫是昆虫抵御病原体最重要的防御机制，肽聚糖识别蛋白（PGRPs）在免疫识别和启动Toll、IMD等信号通路的过程中发挥着重要作用。在无花果黄蜂中，传粉昆虫和非传粉昆虫表现出不同的进化历史和生活方式，尽管两者都与无花果小蜂密切相关，这可能表明它们在 PGRP 进化中的不同模式。通过人工注释，我们获得了12个无花果蜂物种的所有PGRP基因，其中包括7个授粉昆虫和5个非授粉昆虫，并研究了它们可能的不同进化模式。我们发现传粉昆虫中PGRP基因的数量显着低于非传粉昆虫，并且催化PGRP的数量在传粉昆虫中呈现下降趋势。更重要的是，PGRP-SA与Toll途径的启动以及革兰氏阴性细菌结合蛋白（GNBP）有关，而这些蛋白在传粉媒介中完全丢失，这使我们推测Toll途径的启动在传粉媒介中比在非传粉媒介中更简单。我们得出的结论是，无花果授粉媒介比非授粉媒介拥有更精简的先天免疫识别系统。我们的结果为宿主特异性昆虫先天免疫的适应性进化提供了分子证据。
Simple Summary Insects live in a complex and diverse environment, threatened by a variety of microorganisms, and the innate immunity of which plays an important role in defending the invasion of pathogens. From an evolutionary perspective, different living environments and lifestyles drive the different evolutionary patterns of immune systems of insects. Fig wasps are closely associated with the fig syconia, divided into pollinators and non-pollinators according to whether they pollinate the figs. The pollinators are all herbivorous, and fulfil their development within the fig syconia, presenting different lifestyles and diets to non-pollinators, which lead to the chances of exposure to the pathogens varying greatly. The recognition of pathogens is the first step in innate immunity. Therefore, we focused on the different evolutionary patterns of peptidoglycan recognition protein genes between pollinators and non-pollinators, and found that the number of peptidoglycan recognition protein genes was significantly smaller than that of non-pollinators, and the initiation of Toll pathway of pollinators was simpler than that of non-pollinators. All the results suggested a streamlined innate immune recognition system of pollinators, and this information will provide more insights into the adaptive evolution of innate immunity in insects of host specificity. Abstract The innate immunity is the most important defense against pathogen of insects, and the peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) play an important role in the processes of immune recognition and initiation of Toll, IMD and other signal pathways. In fig wasps, pollinators and non-pollinators present different evolutionary histories and lifestyles, even though both are closely associated with fig syconia, which may indicate their different patterns in the evolution of PGRPs. By manual annotation, we got all the PGRP genes of 12 fig wasp species, containing seven pollinators and five non-pollinators, and investigated their putative different evolutionary patterns. We found that the number of PGRP genes in pollinators was significantly lower than in non-pollinators, and the number of catalytic PGRP presented a declining trend in pollinators. More importantly, PGRP-SA is associated with initiating the Toll pathway, as well as gram-negative bacteria-binding proteins (GNBPs), which were completely lost in pollinators, which led us to speculate that the initiation of Toll pathway was simpler in pollinators than in non-pollinators. We concluded that fig pollinators owned a more streamlined innate immune recognition system than non-pollinators. Our results provide molecular evidence for the adaptive evolution of innate immunity in insects of host specificity.
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影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Gerardo NM;Altincicek B;Anselme C;Atamian H;Barribeau SM;de Vos M;Duncan EJ;Evans JD;Gabaldón T;Ghanim M;Heddi A;Kaloshian I;Latorre A;Moya A;Nakabachi A;Parker BJ;Pérez-Brocal V;Pignatelli M;Rahbé Y;Ramsey JS;Spragg CJ;Tamames J;Tamarit D;Tamborindeguy C;Vincent-Monegat C;Vilcinskas A
通讯作者：
Vilcinskas A
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.25.13772
发表时间：
2000-12-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Werner, T;Liu, G;Hultmark, D
通讯作者：
Hultmark, D
食血节肢动物中的肽聚糖识别蛋白
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Wang J;Song X;Wang M
通讯作者：
Wang M
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Lu, Yuzhen;Su, Fanghua;Yu, Xiao-Qiang
通讯作者：
Yu, Xiao-Qiang
影响因子：
30.5
作者：
Kaneko, Takashi;Yano, Tamaki;Silverman, Neal
通讯作者：
Silverman, Neal