Enriched environment and physical activity reduce microglia and influence the fate of NG2 cells in the amygdala of adult mice.
Enriched environment and physical activity reduce microglia and influence the fate of NG2 cells in the amygdala of adult mice.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00441-011-1200-z
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Kempermann, Gerd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ehninger, Dan;Wang, Li-Ping;Klempin, Friederike;Romer, Benedikt;Kettenmann, Helmut;Kempermann, Gerd
关键词：
表达蛋白聚糖神经元-胶质细胞2（NG 2）的分化细胞被认为代表成人脑中的实质前体细胞，并且被认为主要分化成少突胶质细胞。我们研究了成年杏仁核的细胞发生，发现用溴脱氧尿苷标记增殖细胞后1年，大多数增殖的NG 2细胞仍然是NG 2细胞，只有少数缓慢分化为成熟的少突胶质细胞，这是通过2 '，3'-环核苷酸3 '-磷酸二酯酶的表达来评估的。我们没有检测到神经发生的迹象，但已经证实了“神经元”标记物，如双皮质素在NG 2细胞中的表达。杏仁核中表达Nestin的NG 2细胞显示出胼胝体中少突胶质细胞前体细胞的电生理特性。谷氨酸激动剂红藻氨酸的应用elevening一个“复杂”的反应，包括一个快速和持久的封锁休息K+电导，瞬时阳离子电流，和一个外向的K+电导的瞬时增加，这表明NG 2细胞的响应性兴奋。NG 2细胞的增殖增加响应于活动、自主轮跑和环境丰富的行为刺激。除了减少新生小胶质细胞的数量外，行为活动还导致杏仁核中表达S100β的新生NG 2细胞减少。由于NG 2细胞中S100β的表达随着少突胶质细胞的成熟而停止，这一发现表明杏仁核中的NG 2细胞经历了活性依赖性的功能改变，而不会导致新的成熟少突胶质细胞在本研究所涵盖的时间段内可测量的增加。因此，成年杏仁核显示出混合活动依赖性可塑性的迹象：小胶质细胞数量减少，并且可能改变了NG 2细胞的命运。
Proliferative cells expressing proteoglycan neuron-glia 2 (NG2) are considered to represent parenchymal precursor cells in the adult brain and are thought to differentiate primarily into oligodendrocytes. We have studied cell genesis in the adult amygdala and found that, up to 1 year after the labeling of proliferating cells with bromodeoxyuridine, most proliferating NG2 cells remain NG2 cells, and only a few slowly differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes, as assessed by the expression of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase. We have detected no signs of neurogenesis but have confirmed the expression of “neuronal” markers such as Doublecortin in NG2 cells. Nestin-expressing NG2 cells in the amygdala show electrophysiological properties known for oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the corpus callosum. Application of the glutamate agonist kainate elicits a “complex” response consisting of a rapid and long-lasting blockade of the resting K+ conductance, a transient cationic current, and a transient increase of an outwardly directed K+ conductance, suggesting the responsiveness of NG2 cells to excitation. Proliferation of NG2 cells increases in response to behavioral stimuli of activity, voluntary wheel running, and environmental enrichment. In addition to reducing the number of newborn microglia, behavioral activity results in a decrease in S100β-expressing newborn NG2 cells in the amygdala. Because S100β expression in NG2 cells ceases with oligodendrocyte maturation, this finding suggests that NG2 cells in the amygdala undergo activity-dependent functional alterations, without resulting in a measurable increase in new mature oligodendrocytes over the time period covered by the present study. The adult amygdala thus shows signs of mixed activity-dependent plasticity: reduced numbers of microglia and, presumably, an altered fate of NG2 cells.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bergles, DE;Roberts, JDB;Jahr, CE
通讯作者：
Jahr, CE
DOI：
10.1023/a:1025751900356
发表时间：
2002-07-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF NEUROCYTOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Butt, AM;Kiff, J;Berry, M
通讯作者：
Berry, M
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Ge, Woo-Ping;Yang, Xiu-Juan;Duan, Shumin
通讯作者：
Duan, Shumin
影响因子：
25
作者：
Imayoshi, Itaru;Sakamoto, Masayuki;Kageyama, Ryoichiro
通讯作者：
Kageyama, Ryoichiro
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Kempermann, G;Kuhn, HG;Gage, FH
通讯作者：
Gage, FH