Sensory Discrimination of Blood and Floral Nectar by Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes.
Sensory Discrimination of Blood and Floral Nectar by Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.019
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发表时间：
2020-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Vosshall, Leslie B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jove, Veronica;Gong, Zhongyan;Hol, Felix J. H.;Zhao, Zhilei;Sorrells, Trevor R.;Carroll, Thomas S.;Prakash, Manu;McBride, Carolyn S.;Vosshall, Leslie B.
吸血蚊子靠吸食花蜜来获得代谢能量而生存，但需要吸血来产卵。埃及伊蚊女性必须准确区分血液和花蜜，因为每餐促进相互排斥的喂养程序与不同的感觉附属物，膳食大小，消化道目标，和代谢的命运。我们研究了像蜘蛛一样的供血附属物，口针，发现性二形口针神经元品尝血液。使用泛神经元钙成像，我们发现血液是由四个功能不同的探针神经元类，每一个调谐到特定的血液成分与不同的味道品质。针神经元对花蜜特异性糖不敏感，并且仅在存在额外血液成分的情况下对葡萄糖作出反应。因此，血液和花蜜之间的区别是在蚊子感觉检测的第一个层次上由专门的神经元编码的。这种与生俱来的识别血液的能力是媒介传播疾病传播给全世界数百万人的基础。
Blood-feeding mosquitoes survive by feeding on nectar for metabolic energy but require a blood meal to develop eggs. Aedes aegypti females must accurately discriminate blood and nectar because each meal promotes mutually exclusive feeding programs with distinct sensory appendages, meal sizes, digestive tract targets, and metabolic fates. We investigated the syringe-like blood-feeding appendage, the stylet, and discovered that sexually dimorphic stylet neurons taste blood. Using pan-neuronal calcium imaging, we found blood is detected by four functionally distinct stylet neuron classes, each tuned to specific blood components associated with diverse taste qualities. Stylet neurons are insensitive to nectar-specific sugars and respond to glucose only in the presence of additional blood components. The distinction between blood and nectar is therefore encoded in specialized neurons at the very first level of sensory detection in mosquitoes. This innate ability to recognize blood is the basis of vector-borne disease transmission to millions of people world-wide.
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