What makes a "successful" psychopath? Longitudinal trajectories of offenders' antisocial behavior and impulse control as a function of psychopathy.
What makes a "successful" psychopath? Longitudinal trajectories of offenders' antisocial behavior and impulse control as a function of psychopathy.
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DOI：
10.1037/per0000421
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chester DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lasko EN;Chester DS
精神病是暴力行为的一个相当大的风险因素。然而，许多精神变态的人避免反社会和犯罪行为。这种“成功”表型的形成机制尚不清楚。我们测试了一个“成功”心理变态的补偿模型，该模型假设相对“成功”的精神变态个体会发展出更大的良心品质，从而抑制他们强烈的反社会冲动。为了验证这一模型，我们对1354名受审青少年进行了为期七年的死亡路径纵向研究。随着时间的推移，较高的初始精神病与一般抑制性控制和攻击性抑制的陡峭增加有关。这种影响在“成功的”罪犯(即那些再犯罪较少的人)中被放大。这些发现支持了我们的补偿模型，表明对反社会冲动发展出更强的自我调节控制能力的精神变态个体，相对来说比那些监管较少的人变得更成功。此外，我们的结果说明了五因素模型对于理解精神变态的重要性，以及在精神变态个体采取的形式中尽责的关键作用。
Psychopathy is a considerable risk factor for violent behavior. However, many psychopathic individuals refrain from antisocial and criminal acts. The mechanisms underlying the formation of this ‘successful’ phenotype are uncertain. We tested a compensatory model of ‘successful’ psychopathy, which posits that relatively ‘successful’ psychopathic individuals develop greater conscientious traits that serve to inhibit their heightened antisocial impulses. To test this model, we examined the seven-year longitudinal Research on Pathways to Desistance study of 1,354 adjudicated adolescents. Higher initial psychopathy was associated with steeper increases in general inhibitory control and the inhibition of aggression over time. This effect was magnified among ‘successful’ offenders (i.e., those who reoffended less). These findings support our compensatory model, suggesting that psychopathic individuals who develop greater self-regulatory control over their antisocial impulses become relatively more ‘successful’ than their less regulated counterparts. Moreover, our results speak to the importance of the Five-Factor Model for understanding psychopathy and the crucial role of conscientiousness in the form that psychopathic individuals take.
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