Global patterns in the biogeography of bacterial taxa.

Global patterns in the biogeography of bacterial taxa.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02315.x
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发表时间:
2011-01
影响因子:
5.1
通讯作者:
Knight R
Knight R
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nemergut DR;Costello EK;Hamady M;Lozupone C;Jiang L;Schmidt SK;Fierer N;Townsend AR;Cleveland CC;Stanish L;Knight R

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细菌控制着主要的营养循环,直接影响植物、动物和人类的健康。然而,我们对形成它们大规模生态范围的力量知之甚少。在这里,我们揭示了单个细菌分类群在地球主要栖息地类型内部和之间的多个系统发育分辨率的分布模式。我们的分析表明,虽然宏观生境在一定程度上结构了细菌分布,但丰富的细菌(即使用16S rRNA基因测序方法可检测到的细菌)仅限于单一组合。此外,我们发现最世界性的分类群在个体组合中也是最丰富的。这些结果增加了越来越多的数据,支持整个细菌宏基因组的多样性是巨大的。控制微生物分布的机制尚不清楚,但我们的分析提供了一个框架,可以测试宏观生态环境梯度、相对丰度、中性过程和单个分类群在微生物群落结构中的生态策略的重要性。
Bacteria control major nutrient cycles and directly influence plant, animal, and human health. However, we know relatively little about the forces shaping their large-scale ecological ranges. Here, we reveal patterns in the distribution of individual bacterial taxa at multiple levels of phylogenetic resolution within and between Earth’s major habitat types. Our analyses suggest that while macro-scale habitats structure bacterial distribution to some degree, abundant bacteria (i.e., detectable using 16S rRNA gene sequencing methods) are confined to single assemblages. Additionally, we show that the most cosmopolitan taxa are also the most abundant in individual assemblages. These results add to the growing body of data that support that the diversity of the overall bacterial metagenome is tremendous. The mechanisms governing microbial distribution remain poorly understood, but our analyses provide a framework with which to test the importance of macro-ecological environmental gradients, relative abundance, neutral processes and the ecological strategies of individual taxa in structuring microbial communities.
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