The Long and Winding Road-Vestibular Efferent Anatomy in Mice.
The Long and Winding Road-Vestibular Efferent Anatomy in Mice.
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小鼠的漫长而蜿蜒的道路传出解剖学。
DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2021.751850
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Brichta AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lorincz D;Poppi LA;Holt JC;Drury HR;Lim R;Brichta AM
传出前庭系统（EVS）的确切功能作用尚不清楚，但听觉橄榄耳蜗传出系统已成为胆碱能和肽能输入对内耳器官影响的合理模型。然而，重要的是要了解两个传出系统结构的相似性和差异，特别是在同一动物模型中。在这里，我们检查了小鼠 EVS 的解剖结构，从其脑干传出前庭核 (EVN) 的中央起源，到其前庭器官的外周末端，并将这些发现与已知的小鼠橄榄耳蜗解剖结构进行比较。使用转基因小鼠品系和两种不同的追踪策略，我们检查了中枢和外周解剖模式，以及 EVS 轴突离开小鼠脑干时的解剖路径。我们使用 Cre 依赖性、腺相关病毒 (AAV) 介导的荧光报告基因表达分别标记左右传出前庭核 (EVN)，以绘制它们的中央轨迹和外周末端区域。我们将其与荧光金逆行标记结合起来，以量化同侧和对侧投射胆碱能传出神经元的比例。与其他一些哺乳动物一样，小鼠 EVN 包含一组位于面部膝部背侧、靠近前庭核复合体 (VNC) 的神经元。平均只有 53 个 EVN 神经元，具有丰富的朝向 VNC 的树突状树枝状结构。大多数 EVN 神经元（55%）投射到对侧第八神经，穿过 EVN 头侧中线，32% 投射到同侧第八神经。因此，前庭器官接受双侧 EVN 神经支配，但没有沙鼠中所暗示的独特的带状神经支配模式。然而，与沙鼠相似，我们的数据也表明，小鼠的单个 EVN 神经元不会向两侧投射。总而言之，这些数据提供了从脑干到外周的 EVN 神经元的详细图谱，并为哺乳动物中占主导地位的对侧传出神经支配提供了强有力的解剖学支持。
The precise functional role of the Efferent Vestibular System (EVS) is still unclear, but the auditory olivocochlear efferent system has served as a reasonable model on the effects of a cholinergic and peptidergic input on inner ear organs. However, it is important to appreciate the similarities and differences in the structure of the two efferent systems, especially within the same animal model. Here, we examine the anatomy of the mouse EVS, from its central origin in the Efferent Vestibular Nucleus (EVN) of the brainstem, to its peripheral terminations in the vestibular organs, and we compare these findings to known mouse olivocochlear anatomy. Using transgenic mouse lines and two different tracing strategies, we examine central and peripheral anatomical patterning, as well as the anatomical pathway of EVS axons as they leave the mouse brainstem. We separately tag the left and right efferent vestibular nuclei (EVN) using Cre-dependent, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of fluorescent reporters to map their central trajectory and their peripheral terminal fields. We couple this with Fluro-Gold retrograde labeling to quantify the proportion of ipsi- and contralaterally projecting cholinergic efferent neurons. As in some other mammals, the mouse EVN comprises one group of neurons located dorsal to the facial genu, close to the vestibular nuclei complex (VNC). There is an average of just 53 EVN neurons with rich dendritic arborizations towards the VNC. The majority of EVN neurons, 55%, project to the contralateral eighth nerve, crossing the midline rostral to the EVN, and 32% project to the ipsilateral eighth nerve. The vestibular organs, therefore, receive bilateral EVN innervation, but without the distinctive zonal innervation patterns suggested in gerbil. Similar to gerbil, however, our data also suggest that individual EVN neurons do not project bilaterally in mice. Taken together, these data provide a detailed map of EVN neurons from the brainstem to the periphery and strong anatomical support for a dominant contralateral efferent innervation in mammals.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4419-7070-1_6
发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
AUDITORY AND VESTIBULAR EFFERENTS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Holt, Joseph C.;Lysakowski, Anna;Goldberg, Jay M.
通讯作者：
Goldberg, Jay M.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Hubner, Patrick P.;Khan, Serajul I.;Migliaccio, Americo A.
通讯作者：
Migliaccio, Americo A.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
AGREN, G;ZHOU, Q;ZHONG, W
通讯作者：
ZHONG, W
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Bäurle, J;Guldin, W
通讯作者：
Guldin, W
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
DECHESNE, C;RAYMOND, J;SANS, A
通讯作者：
SANS, A