Increased reflection impulsivity in patients with ephedrone-induced Parkinsonism.
Increased reflection impulsivity in patients with ephedrone-induced Parkinsonism.
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DOI：
10.1111/add.12080
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发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Averbeck BB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Djamshidian A;Sanotsky Y;Matviyenko Y;O'Sullivan SS;Sharman S;Selikhova M;Fedoryshyn L;Filts Y;Bearn J;Lees AJ;Averbeck BB
研究东欧吸毒成瘾者静脉注射被高锰酸钾污染的甲卡西酮（麻黄素）时发生的慢性锰中毒综合征。基底神经节，尤其是苍白球和壳核，在许多情况下受到不可逆的损伤。常规的神经心理学评估显示没有认知缺陷，尽管在脑成像研究中有广泛的异常和临床检查中有严重的锥体外系运动障碍。病例对照研究。从乌克兰利沃夫招募麻黄素患者和阿片类药物依赖患者。我们测试了15名麻黄素毒性患者，13名阿片类药物依赖患者，他们正在接受阿片类药物替代治疗和18名匹配的健康志愿者。“珠子任务”是一项评估反思冲动性的信息收集任务，反馈学习、工作记忆和冒险精神也被评估。阿片类药物依赖患者在四项任务中有三项与对照组不同，而麻黄素患者仅在一项任务上与对照组不同。更具体地说，两组患者在珠子任务上都比对照组更冲动，做出了更多不合理的选择（p<0.001）。然而，与对照组相比，麻黄素患者在工作记忆（p >.1）或风险承担（p >.1）方面没有缺陷。阿片类药物依赖患者的工作记忆明显较差（p<0.001），危险度明显高于对照组（p=0.002）。麻黄素患者在信息收集和决策方面可能与阿片类药物依赖患者有相似的缺陷，工作记忆的保存和冒险行为。这可能反映了前扣带-基底神经节环的特殊损伤。
To examine a syndrome of chronic manganism that occurs in drug addicts in Eastern Europe who use intravenous methcathinone (ephedrone) contaminated with potassium permanganate. The basal ganglia, especially the globus pallidus and the putamen, are damaged irreversibly in many cases. Routine neuropsychological assessment has revealed no cognitive deficits despite widespread abnormalities on brain imaging studies and severe extrapyramidal motor handicap on clinical examination. Case control study. Ephedrone patients and patients with opioid dependence were recruited from Lviv, Ukraine. We tested 15 patients with ephedrone induced toxicity, 13 opiate dependent patients, who were receiving opioid replacement therapy and 18 matched healthy volunteers. The ‘beads task’, an information gathering task to assess reflection impulsivity was used and feedback learning, working memory and risk taking were also assessed. Opiate dependent patients differed from controls on three out of four tasks, whereas ephedrone patients differed from controls on only one task. More specifically both patient groups were more impulsive and made more irrational choices on the beads task than controls (p<0.001). However, ephedrone patients had no deficits in working memory (p>0.1) or risk taking (p>0.1) compared with controls. Opioid dependent patients had significantly worse working memory (p<0.001) and were significantly more risk prone than controls (p=0.002). Ephedrone patients may have similar deficits in information gathering and decision making to opiate dependent patients, with preservation of working memory and risk taking. This may reflect specific damage to anterior cingulate- basal ganglia loops.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Ersche, Karen D.;Fletcher, Paul C.;Roiser, Jonathan P.;Fryer, Tim D.;London, Mervyn;Robbins, Trevor W.;Sahakian, Barbara J.
通讯作者：
Sahakian, Barbara J.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Koenigs, Michael;Tranel, Daniel
通讯作者：
Tranel, Daniel
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Josephs, KA;Ahlskog, JE;Cowl, CT
通讯作者：
Cowl, CT
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Dudley, REJ;John, CH;Over, DE
通讯作者：
Over, DE
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Cools, R;Barker, RA;Robbins, TW
通讯作者：
Robbins, TW