Norepinephrine and impulsivity: effects of acute yohimbine.
Norepinephrine and impulsivity: effects of acute yohimbine.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-013-3088-7
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Moeller, F. Gerard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swann, Alan C.;Lijffijt, Marijn;Lane, Scott D.;Cox, Blake;Steinberg, Joel L.;Moeller, F. Gerard
关键词：
快速反应冲动的特征是在充分评估之前无法抑制对刺激的反应，与危险行为有关，并且可能以状态依赖的方式通过去甲肾上腺素增加。我们评估了育亨宾（通过阻断α-2去甲肾上腺素能受体增加去甲肾上腺素释放）对血浆儿茶酚胺代谢物、血压、主观症状和实验室测量的快速反应冲动的影响。受试者是从社区招募的23名健康对照者，体格检查和ECG正常，高血压、心血管疾病和轴I或轴II紊乱病史阴性。血压，脉搏和行为的措施之前，并定期后0.4毫克/公斤口服育亨宾或安慰剂在一个随机的，平衡的设计。用高压液相色谱电化学检测法测定去甲肾上腺素（3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇，MHPG;香草基扁桃酸，VMA）和多巴胺（高香草酸，HVA）的代谢。快速反应冲动性是通过即时记忆任务（IMT）中的任务错误和反应时间来测量的，IMT是一种连续的性能测试，旨在测量冲动性和注意力。育亨宾增加血浆MHPG和VMA，但不增加HVA。育亨宾增加收缩压和舒张压及脉率。在IMT上，育亨宾增加了冲动错误和冲动反应偏差以及加速反应时间。育亨宾相关的血浆MHPG增加与脉冲反应率增加相关。时间进程各不相同;对血压的影响通常先于对代谢物和测试性能的影响。这些效应与健康对照组中药理学去甲肾上腺素能刺激后快速反应冲动增加一致。不稳定的去甲肾上腺素能反应，或对去甲肾上腺素敏感性增加，可能会增加冲动行为的风险。
Rapid-response impulsivity, characterized by inability to withhold response to a stimulus until it is adequately appraised, is associated with risky behavior and may be increased in a state-dependent manner by norepinephrine. We assessed effects of yohimbine, which increases norepinephrine release by blocking alpha-2 noradrenergic receptors, on plasma catecholamine metabolites, blood pressure, subjective symptoms, and laboratory-measured rapid-response impulsivity. Subjects were twenty-three healthy controls recruited from the community, with normal physical examination and ECG, and negative history for hypertension, cardiovascular illness, and Axis I or II disorder. Blood pressure, pulse, and behavioral measures were obtained before and periodically after 0.4 mg/kg oral yohimbine or placebo in a randomized, counterbalanced design. Metabolites of norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, MHPG; vanillylmandelic acid, VMA) and dopamine (homovanillic acid, HVA) were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Rapid-response impulsivity was measured by commission errors and reaction times on the Immediate Memory Task (IMT), a continuous performance test designed to measure impulsivity and attention. Yohimbine increased plasma MHPG and VMA but not HVA. Yohimbine increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate. On the IMT, yohimbine increased impulsive errors and impulsive response bias and accelerated reaction times. Yohimbine-associated increase in plasma MHPG correlated with increased impulsive response rates. Time courses varied; effects on blood pressure generally preceded those on metabolites and test performance. These effects are consistent with increased rapid-response impulsivity after pharmacological noradrenergic stimulation in healthy controls. Labile noradrenergic responses, or increased sensitivity to norepinephrine, may increase risk for impulsive behavior.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02191959
发表时间：
1992-07-01
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
ALBUS, M;ZAHN, TP;BREIER, A
通讯作者：
BREIER, A
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Avery, RA;Franowicz, JS;Arnsten, AFT
通讯作者：
Arnsten, AFT
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Aston-Jones, G;Cohen, JD
通讯作者：
Cohen, JD
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
COLE, BJ;ROBBINS, TW
通讯作者：
ROBBINS, TW
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
DEVILLIERS, AS;RUSSELL, VA;TALJAARD, JJF
通讯作者：
TALJAARD, JJF