Marrow adipose tissue imaging in humans.

Marrow adipose tissue imaging in humans.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bone.2018.01.009
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发表时间:
2019-01
期刊:
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Bredella MA
Bredella MA
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Singhal V;Bredella MA

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骨强度不仅受骨密度(BMD)和骨微结构的影响,还受其微环境的影响。最近的研究集中在骨髓脂肪组织(MAT)在骨丢失的发病机制中的作用。成骨细胞和脂肪细胞来自骨髓内的共同间充质干细胞,并且许多肥胖状态,包括衰老、药物使用、不动、营养过度和营养不足与骨髓肥胖增加相关。成像技术的进步允许MAT的非侵入性定量。本文将回顾磁共振成像(MRI)和计算机断层扫描(CT)为基础的成像技术,以评估MAT的数量和组成。将讨论的技术是解剖T1加权MRI,水脂肪成像,质子磁共振波谱,单能CT和双能CT。MRI和CT技术的临床应用,以确定MAT在肥胖,神经性厌食症,2型糖尿病患者的作用将进行审查。
Bone strength is affected not only by bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitecture but also its microenvironment. Recent studies have focused on the role of marrow adipose tissue (MAT) in the pathogenesis of bone loss. Osteoblasts and adipocytes arise from a common mesenchymal stem cell within bone marrow and many osteoporotic states, including aging, medication use, immobility, over – and undernutrition are associated with increased marrow adiposity. Advancements in imaging technology allow the non-invasive quantification of MAT. This article will review magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)- and computed tomography (CT)-based imaging technologies to assess the amount and composition of MAT. The techniques that will be discussed are anatomic T1-weighted MRI, water-fat imaging, proton MR spectroscopy, single energy CT and dual energy CT. Clinical applications of MRI and CT techniques to determine the role of MAT in patients with obesity, anorexia nervosa, and type 2 diabetes will be reviewed.
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