Deep genome-wide measurement of meiotic gene conversion using tetrad analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Deep genome-wide measurement of meiotic gene conversion using tetrad analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1002968
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Copenhaver GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun Y;Ambrose JH;Haughey BS;Webster TD;Pierrie SN;Muñoz DF;Wellman EC;Cherian S;Lewis SM;Berchowitz LE;Copenhaver GP
基因转换是减数分裂重组的潜在产物之一，是遗传信息的非相互交换。它可以通过作用于重复DNA元件来塑造基因组结构，影响群体水平的等位基因频率，并且已知与人类疾病有关。但是基因转换很难直接检测到，除非在生物体中，比如真菌，它们在减数分裂后将配子分组。我们已经开发了一种新的视觉检测，使我们能够检测基因转换事件直接在配子的开花植物拟南芥。使用该测定，我们测量了超过一百万次减数分裂基因组中的基因转换事件，并确定全基因组平均频率为每次减数分裂每个基因座3.5×10 - 4次转换。我们还检测到转换频率的显着位点间变异，但没有位点内变异。值得注意的是，我们在4号染色体短臂上发现了一个基因座，它经历的基因转换比其他检测的基因座多3倍至6倍。最后，我们证明了我们可以通过改变实验条件来调节转换频率。在配子的产生过程中，大多数有性生殖的生物体都经历了减数分裂重组。最常见的减数分裂重组形式是交换，其导致亲本染色体之间的DNA相互交换，并且对于染色体分离以及在后代中产生新的等位基因组合是重要的。促进交换的相同分子机制也可以在称为基因转换的过程中实现染色体之间遗传信息的非互惠交换。了解基因转换很重要，因为它影响等位基因频率，并与人类疾病有关。不幸的是，到目前为止，直接测量一直很困难，除非在生物体中，如真菌，在减数分裂后将配子分组。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种新的检测系统，使我们能够直接测量模型多细胞真核生物A中的基因转换。Thaliana（一种开花植物）。使用该测定系统，我们测量了超过100万次减数分裂中拟南芥基因组的基因转换频率，并证明我们可以通过改变实验条件来操纵这些频率。
Gene conversion, the non-reciprocal exchange of genetic information, is one of the potential products of meiotic recombination. It can shape genome structure by acting on repetitive DNA elements, influence allele frequencies at the population level, and is known to be implicated in human disease. But gene conversion is hard to detect directly except in organisms, like fungi, that group their gametes following meiosis. We have developed a novel visual assay that enables us to detect gene conversion events directly in the gametes of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Using this assay we measured gene conversion events across the genome of more than one million meioses and determined that the genome-wide average frequency is 3.5×10−4 conversions per locus per meiosis. We also detected significant locus-to-locus variation in conversion frequency but no intra-locus variation. Significantly, we found one locus on the short arm of chromosome 4 that experienced 3-fold to 6-fold more gene conversions than the other loci tested. Finally, we demonstrated that we could modulate conversion frequency by varying experimental conditions. During the production of gametes, most sexually reproducing organisms undergo meiotic recombination. The most familiar form of meiotic recombination is crossing-over, which results in the reciprocal exchange of DNA between parental chromosomes and is important for chromosome segregation as well as generating new allelic combinations in progeny. The same molecular mechanisms that facilitate crossing-over can also enable the non-reciprocal exchange of genetic information between chromosomes in the process called gene conversion. Understanding gene conversion is important because it influences allele frequencies and has been implicated in human diseases. Unfortunately, it has been difficult until now to measure directly except in organisms, like fungi, that group their gametes after meiosis. In this study we have developed a novel assay system that enables us to measure gene conversion directly in the model multi-cellular eukaryote A. thaliana (a flowering plant). Using this assay system we measured gene conversion frequencies across the Arabidopsis genome in more than 1 million meioses and also demonstrated that we can manipulate those frequencies by varying experimental conditions.
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ATMUS81在A. thaliana中对干扰不敏感的交叉中的作用。
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Berchowitz, Luke E.;Francis, Kirk E.;Bey, Alexandra L.;Copenhaver, Gregory P.
通讯作者：
Copenhaver, Gregory P.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Alonso, JM;Stepanova, AN;Ecker, JR
通讯作者：
Ecker, JR
影响因子：
14.8
作者：
Berchowitz, Luke E.;Copenhaver, Gregory P.
通讯作者：
Copenhaver, Gregory P.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.1.247
发表时间：
1998-01-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Copenhaver, GP;Browne, WE;Preuss, D
通讯作者：
Preuss, D
影响因子：
16
作者：
Allers, T;Lichten, M
通讯作者：
Lichten, M