Healthy cortical development through adolescence and early adulthood.

Healthy cortical development through adolescence and early adulthood.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00429-017-1424-0
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发表时间:
2017-11
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Hoekstra PJ
Hoekstra PJ
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Forde NJ;Ronan L;Zwiers MP;Schweren LJS;Alexander-Bloch AF;Franke B;Faraone SV;Oosterlaan J;Heslenfeld DJ;Hartman CA;Buitelaar JK;Hoekstra PJ

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青春期是大脑发生显着变化的时期。然而,年龄和性别对皮质发育的影响尚未得到充分表征。在这里,我们利用创新的内在曲率(IC)分析以及传统的皮质测量[皮质厚度(CT)、局部回旋指数(LGI)和表面积(SA)]来研究这些指数(1)如何相互关联以及(2)在青少年皮质发育中如何依赖于年龄和性别。在两个地点收集 218 名健康志愿者(年龄范围 8.3–29.2 岁,M[SD] = 16.5[3.4])的 T1 加权磁共振图像,并使用 FreeSurfer 和 Caret 软件包进行处理。提取每个皮质区域(额叶、顶叶、枕叶、颞叶、岛叶和扣带回)的表面指数。进行表面指数之间的相关性分析,并使用广义相加混合效应模型对年龄曲线进行建模。 IC 显示出与 LGI、SA 和 CT 的区域特异性关联,CT 与 LGI 也是如此。 SA 与所有区域的 LGI 呈正相关,而 CT 则没有。在所有地区,CT 和 LGI(而非 SA)与年龄呈负相关。除枕骨区域外,IC 均与年龄呈负相关。对于所有区域,男性的皮质 SA 均大于女性。男性所有区域的 LGI 都较大,额叶区域的 IC 也较大;然而,这些影响是由 SA 中的性别差异造成的。没有年龄与性别之间的相互作用。 IC 的研究增加了一种半独立、敏感的皮质形态测量方法,该方法与潜在的细胞结构相关,可能有助于理解正常的大脑发育及其偏差。本文的在线版本 (doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1424-0) 包含补充材料,可供授权用户使用。
Adolescence is a period of significant brain changes; however, the effects of age and sex on cortical development are yet to be fully characterized. Here, we utilized innovative intrinsic curvature (IC) analysis, along with the traditional cortical measures [cortical thickness (CT), local gyrification index (LGI), and surface area (SA)], to investigate how these indices (1) relate to each other and (2) depend on age and sex in adolescent cortical development. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images from 218 healthy volunteers (age range 8.3–29.2 years, M[SD] = 16.5[3.4]) were collected at two sites and processed with FreeSurfer and Caret software packages. Surface indices were extracted per cortex area (frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, insula, and cingulate). Correlation analyses between the surface indices were conducted and age curves were modelled using generalized additive mixed-effect models. IC showed region-specific associations with LGI, SA, and CT, as did CT with LGI. SA was positively associated with LGI in all regions and CT in none. CT and LGI, but not SA, were inversely associated with age in all regions. IC was inversely associated with age in all but the occipital region. For all regions, males had larger cortical SA than females. Males also had larger LGI in all regions and larger IC of the frontal area; however, these effects were accounted for by sex differences in SA. There were no age-by-sex interactions. The study of IC adds a semi-independent, sensitive measure of cortical morphology that relates to the underlying cytoarchitecture and may aid understanding of normal brain development and deviations from it. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1424-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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