Gut/Oral Bacteria Variability May Explain the High Efficacy of Green Tea in Rodent Tumor Inhibition and Its Absence in Humans.

Gut/Oral Bacteria Variability May Explain the High Efficacy of Green Tea in Rodent Tumor Inhibition and Its Absence in Humans.
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DOI:
10.3390/molecules25204753
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发表时间:
2020-10-16
期刊:
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dang KC
Dang KC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Adami GR;Tangney C;Schwartz JL;Dang KC

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在啮齿类动物中,饮用绿茶(GT)和绿茶多酚可以预防一系列癌症,但在人类身上却有不同的结果。连续几周饮用GT的人类受试者口腔微生物群发生了变化。然而,gt诱导的口腔上皮中RNA的变化是个体特异性的,这表明gt诱导的口腔上皮变化确实存在,但在个体之间存在差异。相比之下,在啮齿类动物中摄入GT多酚的研究显示上皮基因表达发生明显变化。GT多酚被消化道上皮吸收不良。它们通过肠道/口腔微生物酶进行代谢,可以改变这些分子的吸收和功能,从而改变它们的生物活性。这可能解释了服用GT的人口腔上皮RNA表达变化总体上缺乏一致性。每个人都有不同的肠道/口腔微生物群,因此他们可能有不同水平的多酚代谢细菌。我们推测,例如,在一项研究中,在组织GT反应中观察到的最小差异是由饲养在一起的小鼠中相似的肠道/口腔微生物组造成的。在啮齿动物研究中,组织对GT反应的一致性简化了影响肿瘤发生率的剂量水平的选择。这就产生了一种理论,即确定人体的最佳GT剂量需要了解该人体的肠道/口腔微生物群。
Consumption of green tea (GT) and GT polyphenols has prevented a range of cancers in rodents but has had mixed results in humans. Human subjects who drank GT for weeks showed changes in oral microbiome. However, GT-induced changes in RNA in oral epithelium were subject-specific, suggesting GT-induced changes of the oral epithelium occurred but differed across individuals. In contrast, studies in rodents consuming GT polyphenols revealed obvious changes in epithelial gene expression. GT polyphenols are poorly absorbed by digestive tract epithelium. Their metabolism by gut/oral microbial enzymes occurs and can alter absorption and function of these molecules and thus their bioactivity. This might explain the overall lack of consistency in oral epithelium RNA expression changes seen in human subjects who consumed GT. Each human has different gut/oral microbiomes, so they may have different levels of polyphenol-metabolizing bacteria. We speculate the similar gut/oral microbiomes in, for example, mice housed together are responsible for the minimal variance observed in tissue GT responses within a study. The consistency of the tissue response to GT within a rodent study eases the selection of a dose level that affects tumor rates. This leads to the theory that determination of optimal GT doses in a human requires knowledge about the gut/oral microbiome in that human.
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