The damage-response framework of microbial pathogenesis.
The damage-response framework of microbial pathogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro732
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发表时间：
2003-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pirofski LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casadevall A;Pirofski LA
微生物致病性和毒力的现有定义不足以解释许多传染病，并且没有纳入宿主对这些过程的贡献。提出了一种新的理解微生物致病机理的理论方法-损伤-反应框架。损伤-反应框架不同于微生物发病机制的其他观点，因为它既不是以微生物为中心，也不是以宿主为中心。相反，损伤-反应框架是基于微生物发病机制是宿主和微生物之间相互作用的结果这一事实，并使用宿主损伤作为结合宿主和微生物两者作用的共同原则。宿主免疫应答可以增加或限制由宿主-微生物相互作用引起的宿主损伤的性质和量。因此，在损伤-应答框架中，病原体根据宿主-微生物相互作用导致的宿主损伤的量或程度作为宿主-免疫应答的函数进行分类。提出了六种不同的类别，并描绘在抛物线损伤响应曲线，代表主机损坏的主机响应的强度和程度的函数的量。由宿主-微生物相互作用引起的宿主损伤的量或程度作为时间的函数可用于将感染的结果定义和表征为寄生、定殖、潜伏或疾病的状态。损伤-反应框架基于宿主-微生物相互作用结果的临床和实验观察。其相关的分类和预测可以进行进一步的实验研究，以验证或反驳其解释宿主和微生物对微生物发病机制的贡献的能力。微生物致病机制的损伤-反应框架可以帮助设计疫苗和免疫疗法，以及描述新的传染病。它的简化分类系统是一个有用的教育工具。此外，使用损伤-反应框架可以促进微生物发病机制研究的不同领域（目前是独立的领域）的研究人员之间的合作。世纪后期出现了许多由微生物引起的传染病，这些微生物在正常健康的免疫活性宿主中很少引起疾病。这些疾病的出现表明，现有的致病性和毒力概念没有考虑到微生物和宿主都有助于微生物致病的事实。为了解决这一障碍，宿主-微生物相互作用的研究，我们提出了一个新的理论方法来理解微生物的发病机制，被称为“损伤-反应”的框架。
Existing definitions of microbial pathogenicity and virulence are inadequate to explain many infectious diseases and do not incorporate the contribution of the host to these processes. A new theoretical approach to understanding microbial pathogenesis — the damage-response framework – is proposed. The damage-response framework differs from other views of microbial pathogenesis as it is neither microorganism-centred nor host-centred. Instead, the damage-response framework is based on the fact that microbial pathogenesis is the outcome of an interaction between a host and a microorganism, and uses host damage as a common principle that incorporates the role of both the host and the microorganism. The host-immune response can augment or delimit the nature and amount of host damage resulting from a host–microorganism interaction. Therefore, in the damage-response framework, pathogens are classified by the amount, or degree, of host damage that results from host–microorganism interactions as a function of the host-immune response. Six different classes are proposed, and are depicted in parabolic damage-response curves that represent the amount of host damage as a function of the intensity and degree of the host response. The amount or degree of host damage that results from the host–microorganism interaction as a function of time can be used to define and characterize the outcome of infection as the states of commensalism, colonization, latency or disease. The damage-response framework is based on clinical and experimental observations of the outcome of host–microorganism interactions. Its associated classifications and predictions can be subjected to further experimental studies to validate or refute its ability to account for the contributions of both host and microorganism to microbial pathogenesis. The damage-response framework of microbial pathogenesis could assist in the design of vaccines and immunotherapies and in the characterization of new infectious diseases. Its simplified classification system is a useful educational tool. Additionally, use of the damage-response framework could foster collaboration between investigators in different, and at present separate, areas of microbial pathogenesis research. The late twentieth century witnessed the emergence of numerous infectious diseases that are caused by microorganisms that rarely cause disease in normal, healthy immunocompetent hosts. The emergence of these diseases shows that the existing concepts of pathogenicity and virulence do not take into account the fact that both the microorganism and the host contribute to microbial pathogenesis. To address this impediment to studies of host–microorganism interactions, we propose a new theoretical approach to understanding microbial pathogenesis, known as the 'damage-response' framework.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
EDMAN, JC;KOVACS, JA;SOGIN, ML
通讯作者：
SOGIN, ML
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.261418798
发表时间：
2001-12-18
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Steenbergen, JN;Shuman, HA;Casadevall, A
通讯作者：
Casadevall, A
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Loffeld, RJLF;Werdmuller, BFM;Kuipers, EJ
通讯作者：
Kuipers, EJ
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20030637
发表时间：
2003-06-02
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Casadevall A;Pirofski LA
通讯作者：
Pirofski LA
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
ARMSTRONG, D
通讯作者：
ARMSTRONG, D