Evolutionary mechanisms for loneliness.

Evolutionary mechanisms for loneliness.
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DOI:
10.1080/02699931.2013.837379
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Boomsma DI
Boomsma DI
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cacioppo JT;Cacioppo S;Boomsma DI

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罗伯特将孤独概念化为感觉到的社会孤立,他将其描述为一种痛苦的、没有救赎特征的慢性病。在日常生活的尺度上,可以理解为什么像孤独这样令人厌恶的东西会被视为人类生存的一种弊病。然而,进化时间和进化力量在组织中的运作规模与我们在日常生活中所经历的如此不同,以至于个人经验不足以理解孤独在人类存在中的作用。过去十年的研究表明,人们对孤独的看法与个人经历截然不同,在这种观点中,孤独在特定的栖息地发挥着各种适应功能。我们回顾了有关孤独的遗传性的证据,并概述了孤独的进化理论,强调了它在进化时间尺度上的潜在适应价值。
Robert conceptualized loneliness as perceived social isolation, which he described as a gnawing, chronic disease without redeeming features. On the scale of everyday life, it is understandable how something as personally aversive as loneliness could be regarded as a blight on human existence. However, evolutionary time and evolutionary forces operate at such a different scale of organization than we experience in everyday life that personal experience is not sufficient to understand the role of loneliness in human existence. Research over the past decade suggests a very different view of loneliness than suggested by personal experience, one in which loneliness serves a variety of adaptive functions in specific habitats. We review evidence on the heritability of loneliness and outline an evolutionary theory of loneliness, with an emphasis on its potential adaptive value in an evolutionary timescale.
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