The effect of laboratory manipulations of negative affect on alcohol craving and use: A meta-analysis.
The effect of laboratory manipulations of negative affect on alcohol craving and use: A meta-analysis.
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DOI：
10.1037/adb0000383
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发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Verona E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bresin K;Mekawi Y;Verona E
科学和非专业理论认为，负面影响在有问题的酒精使用中起着因果作用。尽管有这种普遍的信念，支持实验证据一直是喜忧参半。因此，本研究的目的是a）在实验室中，通过元分析量化实验操纵的负面情绪对酒精使用和渴望的影响程度，B）检查这种影响的大小是否取决于关键操纵特征（即，紧张性刺激的自我相关性、紧张性刺激结束的时间和负面影响诱导的强度）或样本特征（即，物质使用史）。在41项研究（N = 2，403）中，我们发现，与控制操作相比，负面情绪操作对更多使用（dav = 0.31，95% CI [0.11，0.50]）和渴望（dav = 0.39，95% CI [0.04，0.74]）有小到中等的影响。我们还发现，从情感诱导前到后，渴望显著增加（dav = 0.36，95%CI [0.14，0.58]）。这表明先前文献的混合结果可能是由于研究的动力不足。主持人的假设得到弱的支持，在预测的方向几乎没有显着的结果。我们的荟萃分析提供了一个以前不确定的结果，并强调需要更多的生态有效的影响操纵在未来的工作。
Scientific and lay theories propose that negative affect plays a causal role in problematic alcohol use. Despite this common belief, supporting experimental evidence has been mixed. Thus, the goals of this study were to a) meta-analytically quantify the degree to which experimentally manipulated negative affect influenced alcohol use and craving in the laboratory, b) examine whether the size of this effect depended on key manipulation characteristics (i.e., self-relevance of the stressor, timing of the end of the stressor, and strength of negative affect induction) or sample characteristics (i.e., substance use history). Across 41 studies (N = 2,403), we found small-to-medium effects for more use (dav = .31, 95% CI [.11, .50]) and craving (dav = .39, 95% CI [.04, .74]) following a negative affect manipulation than a control manipulation. We also found a significant increase in craving from pre- to post- affect induction (dav = .36, 95% CI [.14, .58]). This suggests the mixed results from the prior literature were likely due to statistically-underpowered studies. The moderator hypotheses received weak support, with few significant results in the predicted direction. Our meta-analysis provides clarity about a previously inconclusive set of results and highlights the need for more ecologically valid manipulations of affect in future work.
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