Maternal Cortisol Concentrations During Pregnancy and Sex-Specific Associations With Neonatal Amygdala Connectivity and Emerging Internalizing Behaviors.
Maternal Cortisol Concentrations During Pregnancy and Sex-Specific Associations With Neonatal Amygdala Connectivity and Emerging Internalizing Behaviors.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.06.023
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发表时间：
2019-01-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Buss C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham AM;Rasmussen JM;Entringer S;Ben Ward E;Rudolph MD;Gilmore JH;Styner M;Wadhwa PD;Fair DA;Buss C
怀孕期间的孕妇皮质醇有可能影响快速发育的胎儿大脑系统，而这些系统在神经发育和精神障碍中通常会发生改变。为了促进对这一领域的了解，并深入了解这些疾病的病因，需要研究孕妇在怀孕期间和出生前后代神经发育过程中的皮质醇浓度。受试者为N=70名怀孕早期招募的成年妇女，她们的婴儿在怀孕34周后出生。孕妇皮质醇浓度在妊娠早期、中期和晚期连续四天进行评估。检测静息状态下新生儿杏仁核功能连接性MRI。母亲们报告了孩子在24个月大时的内化行为问题。孕期母体皮质醇浓度与新生儿杏仁核连接性以性别相关方式显著相关。母亲皮质醇升高与杏仁核与参与感觉处理和整合的大脑区域的连接更强，以及女性的默认模式网络相关，而男性与这些大脑区域的连接更弱。母体皮质醇升高只与女性较高的内化症状有关，而且这种联系是由更强的新生儿杏仁核连接所介导的。孕期母体皮质醇的正常变化与出生后不久杏仁核以性别特有的方式协调运作有关。已发现的母体皮质醇通过新生儿杏仁核连接性改变而导致女性更高内化症状的途径可能与内化精神障碍的性别差异的病因学相关，内化精神障碍在女性中更为普遍。
Maternal cortisol during pregnancy has the potential to influence rapidly developing fetal brain systems that are commonly altered in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Research examining maternal cortisol concentrations across pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment proximal to birth is needed to advance understanding in this area, and lead to insight into the etiology of these disorders. Participants were N=70 adult women recruited in early pregnancy, and their infants born after 34-weeks gestation. Maternal cortisol concentrations were assessed serially over four days in early, mid, and late gestation. Resting state functional connectivity MRI of the neonatal amygdala was examined. Mothers reported on children’s internalizing behavior problems at 24-months-of-age. Maternal cortisol concentrations during pregnancy were significantly associated with neonatal amygdala connectivity in a sex specific manner. Elevated maternal cortisol was associated with stronger amygdala connectivity to brain regions involved in sensory processing and integration, as well as the default mode network in females, and with weaker connectivity to these brain regions in males. Elevated maternal cortisol was associated with higher internalizing symptoms in females only, and this association was mediated by stronger neonatal amygdala connectivity. Normative variation in maternal cortisol during pregnancy is associated with the coordinated functioning of the amygdala soon after birth in a sex specific manner. The identified pathway from maternal cortisol to higher internalizing symptoms in females via alterations in neonatal amygdala connectivity may be relevant for the etiology of sex differences in internalizing psychiatric disorders, which are more prevalent in females.
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