Selective memory disrupted in intra-modal dual-task encoding conditions.
Selective memory disrupted in intra-modal dual-task encoding conditions.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13421-021-01166-1
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Castel AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siegel ALM;Schwartz ST;Castel AD
由于自然记忆的限制，人们通常可以注意和记住高价值的信息，即使在老年时认知资源耗尽，并且在编码过程中分散注意力，这是一种重要的认知控制形式。在当前的研究中，我们研究了在双任务条件下，需要重叠处理资源的任务是否会损害选择性编码信息的能力。实验1的注意力分散条件下的参与者完成听觉音调干扰任务，要求他们区分不同音高的音调（音频非空间）或听觉通道（音频空间），同时研究奖励值不同的网格（视觉空间）中不同位置的项目。结果表明，在降低整体记忆准确性的同时，两个跨模态听觉干扰任务都不会影响参与者相对于完全注意条件选择性编码高价值项目的能力，这表明保持认知控制。实验2的被试在学习过程中完成要求严格的颜色（视觉-非空间）或图案（视觉-空间）辨别任务的同时，学习同样重要的视觉-空间信息。虽然跨通道的视觉-非空间任务并没有影响记忆的选择性，但通道内的视觉-空间次级任务消除了参与者对项目价值的敏感性。这些结果增加了新的证据的条件受损的认知控制，这表明，自上而下，选择性编码过程的有效性衰减时，并发任务依赖于重叠的处理资源。
Given natural memory limitations, people can generally attend to and remember high-value over low-value information even when cognitive resources are depleted in older age and under divided attention during encoding, representing an important form of cognitive control. In the current study, we examined whether tasks requiring overlapping processing resources may impair the ability to selectively encode information in dual-task conditions. Participants in the divided attention conditions of Experiment 1 completed auditory tone distractor tasks that required them to discriminate between tones of different pitches (audio-nonspatial) or auditory channels (audio-spatial), while studying items in different locations in a grid (visual-spatial) differing in reward value. Results indicated that, while reducing overall memory accuracy, neither cross-modal auditory distractor task influenced participants’ ability to selectively encode high-value items relative to a full attention condition, suggesting maintained cognitive control. Participants in Experiment 2 studied the same important visual-spatial information while completing demanding color (visual-nonspatial) or pattern (visual-spatial) discrimination tasks during study. While the cross-modal visual-nonspatial task did not influence memory selectivity, the intra-modal visual-spatial secondary task eliminated participants’ sensitivity to item value. These results add novel evidence of conditions of impaired cognitive control, suggesting that the effectiveness of top-down, selective encoding processes is attenuated when concurrent tasks rely on overlapping processing resources.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Atkinson AL;Berry EDJ;Waterman AH;Baddeley AD;Hitch GJ;Allen RJ
通讯作者：
Allen RJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Castel, AD;Craik, FIM
通讯作者：
Craik, FIM
影响因子：
4
作者：
Castel, Alan D.;Humphreys, Kathryn L.;McCabe, David P.
通讯作者：
McCabe, David P.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Chalfonte, BL;Johnson, MK
通讯作者：
Johnson, MK
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Craik, FIM;Govoni, R;Anderson, ND
通讯作者：
Anderson, ND