Respiratory virus surveillance in hospitalized children less than two-years of age in Kenema, Sierra Leone during the COVID-19 pandemic (October 2020- October 2021).
Respiratory virus surveillance in hospitalized children less than two-years of age in Kenema, Sierra Leone during the COVID-19 pandemic (October 2020- October 2021).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0292652
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Moon, Troy D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samuels, Robert J.;Sumah, Ibrahim;Alhasan, Foday;McHenry, Rendie;Short, Laura;Chappell, James D.;Haddadin, Zaid;Halasa, Natasha B.;Valerio, Inae D.;Amorim, Gustavo;Grant, Donald S.;Schieffelin, John S.;Moon, Troy D.
在全球范围内，病毒病原体是五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的主要原因。我们的目的是描述塞拉利昂东部省2岁以下住院儿童在SARS-CoV-2大流行的第二年期间病毒性呼吸道病原体的流行病学。我们对2020年10月至2021年10月期间因呼吸道症状住院的儿童进行了前瞻性研究。我们收集了人口统计学和临床特征，并计算了每个参与者的呼吸道症状严重程度。入组时采集鼻拭子和咽拭子。纯化总核酸并检测多种呼吸道病毒。使用R版本4.2.0软件进行统计分析。502名2岁以下的儿童参加了研究。376例（74.9%）至少检测到一种呼吸道病毒。最常见的病毒是HRV/EV（28.2%）、RSV（19.5%）和PIV（13.1%）。流感和SARS-CoV-2分别仅在9.2%和3.9%的儿童中发现。病毒共检测是常见的。人偏肺病毒和RSV在住院期间需要O2治疗的几率高出两倍多。在我们的研究人群中，病毒病原体的患病率很高（74.9%）。尽管如此，100%的儿童接受了抗生素治疗，这突出表明需要扩大实验室诊断能力，并重新审查这些儿童的临床指南实施情况。塞拉利昂需要在更广泛的地理范围内对更多样化的年龄组进行持续监测和血清学研究，以更好地描述COVID-19对呼吸道病毒流行的长期影响，并更好地描述塞拉利昂呼吸道病毒的季节性。
Globally, viral pathogens are the leading cause of acute respiratory infection in children under-five years. We aim to describe the epidemiology of viral respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children under-two years of age in Eastern Province of Sierra Leone, during the second year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We conducted a prospective study of children hospitalized with respiratory symptoms between October 2020 and October 2021. We collected demographic and clinical characteristics and calculated each participant´s respiratory symptom severity. Nose and throat swabs were collected at enrollment. Total nucleic acid was purified and tested for multiple respiratory viruses. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.2.0 software. 502 children less than two-years of age were enrolled. 376 (74.9%) had at least one respiratory virus detected. The most common viruses isolated were HRV/EV (28.2%), RSV (19.5%) and PIV (13.1%). Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 were identified in only 9.2% and 3.9% of children, respectively. Viral co-detection was common. Human metapneumovirus and RSV had more than two-fold higher odds of requiring O2 therapy while hospitalized. Viral pathogen prevalence was high (74.9%) in our study population. Despite this, 100% of children received antibiotics, underscoring a need to expand laboratory diagnostic capacity and to revisit clinical guidelines implementation in these children. Continuous surveillance and serologic studies among more diverse age groups, with greater geographic breadth, are needed in Sierra Leone to better characterize the long-term impact of COVID-19 on respiratory virus prevalence and to better characterize the seasonality of respiratory viruses in Sierra Leone.
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