Diversity, taxonomy, and evolution of archaeal viruses of the class Caudoviricetes.

Diversity, taxonomy, and evolution of archaeal viruses of the class Caudoviricetes.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3001442
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发表时间:
2021-11
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Krupovic M
Krupovic M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu Y;Demina TA;Roux S;Aiewsakun P;Kazlauskas D;Simmonds P;Prangishvili D;Oksanen HM;Krupovic M

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古生型拖尾病毒(ARTV)在进化上与尾状双链DNA(DsDNA)噬菌体有亲缘关系,是感染嗜盐古生菌的最常见的分离物。这些病毒中只有一小部分被描述了基因组特征,限制了我们对它们的生态影响和进化的认识。在这里,我们展示了37个新的嗜盐古菌拖尾病毒分离株的基因组,是目前测序的arTV数量的两倍多。对所有63个可用ARTV全基因组的分析,我们建议将其归入14个新科和3个目,表明古生菌和细菌拖尾病毒在古代的分化,并指出参与DNA新陈代谢和反防御机制的基因广泛共享,阐明了病毒与宿主与拖尾噬菌体相互作用的常见策略。将比较基因组学与寄主范围分析相结合,在一大批嗜盐古菌物种上发现了4组不同的病毒尾部纤维粘附素,控制着寄主范围的扩大。使用病毒标志基因对元基因组的调查表明,ARTV群落的全球结构是通过不同生物群之间的反复转移而形成的,包括高盐度、海洋和缺氧环境。比较基因组学和寄主范围分析揭示了尾状病毒目拖尾古菌病毒的显著多样性和进化,它们与它们的细菌近亲一起可以说是地球上最丰富和分布最广泛的病毒群。
The archaeal tailed viruses (arTV), evolutionarily related to tailed double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophages of the class Caudoviricetes, represent the most common isolates infecting halophilic archaea. Only a handful of these viruses have been genomically characterized, limiting our appreciation of their ecological impacts and evolution. Here, we present 37 new genomes of haloarchaeal tailed virus isolates, more than doubling the current number of sequenced arTVs. Analysis of all 63 available complete genomes of arTVs, which we propose to classify into 14 new families and 3 orders, suggests ancient divergence of archaeal and bacterial tailed viruses and points to an extensive sharing of genes involved in DNA metabolism and counterdefense mechanisms, illuminating common strategies of virus–host interactions with tailed bacteriophages. Coupling of the comparative genomics with the host range analysis on a broad panel of haloarchaeal species uncovered 4 distinct groups of viral tail fiber adhesins controlling the host range expansion. The survey of metagenomes using viral hallmark genes suggests that the global architecture of the arTV community is shaped through recurrent transfers between different biomes, including hypersaline, marine, and anoxic environments. Comparative genomics and host range analysis reveals the remarkable diversity and evolution of tailed archaeal viruses of the order Caudoviricetes, which together with their bacterial relatives arguably represent the most abundant and widespread virus group on our planet.
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