Circular RNAs in body fluids as cancer biomarkers: the new frontier of liquid biopsies.
Circular RNAs in body fluids as cancer biomarkers: the new frontier of liquid biopsies.
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体液中的环状 RNA 作为癌症生物标志物：液体活检的新领域
DOI：
10.1186/s12943-020-01298-z
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发表时间：
2021-01-11
期刊：
影响因子：
37.3
通讯作者：
Du M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang S;Zhang K;Tan S;Xin J;Yuan Q;Xu H;Xu X;Liang Q;Christiani DC;Wang M;Liu L;Du M
癌症是全世界死亡的主要原因，特别是因为其在晚期诊断的患者中的高死亡率。来源于血液的常规生物标志物被广泛用于癌症诊断，但其低灵敏度和特异性限制了其在普通人群中癌症筛查的广泛应用。目前，新兴的研究正在开发新的，高度准确的生物标志物在人体体液中，可通过微创技术，这被定义为液体活检。环状RNA（CircRNA）是近年来发现的一类主要由前体mRNA剪接产生的非编码RNA。随着高通量转录组分析技术的快速发展，已经认识到许多circRNA在体液（包括血浆、血清、外来体和尿液）中稳定且以高水平存在。CircRNA表达模式在癌症患者和健康对照之间表现出明显的差异，这表明体液中的circRNA可能代表用于监测癌症发展和进展的新型生物标志物。在这项研究中，我们总结了一个泛癌症数据集中体液中circRNA的表达，并描述了它们在液体活检中用于癌症诊断和预后的临床应用。此外，开发了用户友好的网络界面以可视化流体中的每种circRNA（https：//mulongdu.shinyapps.io/circrnas_in_fluids/）。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s12943-020-01298-z获得。
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, particularly because of its high mortality rate in patients who are diagnosed at late stages. Conventional biomarkers originating from blood are widely used for cancer diagnosis, but their low sensitivity and specificity limit their widespread application in cancer screening among the general population. Currently, emerging studies are exploiting novel, highly-accurate biomarkers in human body fluids that are obtainable through minimally invasive techniques, which is defined as liquid biopsy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly discovered class of noncoding RNAs generated mainly by pre-mRNA splicing. Following the rapid development of high-throughput transcriptome analysis techniques, numerous circRNAs have been recognized to exist stably and at high levels in body fluids, including plasma, serum, exosomes, and urine. CircRNA expression patterns exhibit distinctly differences between patients with cancer and healthy controls, suggesting that circRNAs in body fluids potentially represent novel biomarkers for monitoring cancer development and progression. In this study, we summarized the expression of circRNAs in body fluids in a pan-cancer dataset and characterized their clinical applications in liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In addition, a user-friendly web interface was developed to visualize each circRNA in fluids (https://mulongdu.shinyapps.io/circrnas_in_fluids/). The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-020-01298-z.
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