Millisecond-timescale optical control of neural dynamics in the nonhuman primate brain.
Millisecond-timescale optical control of neural dynamics in the nonhuman primate brain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2009.03.011
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发表时间：
2009-04-30
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Boyden, Edward S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han, Xue;Qian, Xiaofeng;Bernstein, Jacob G.;Zhou, Hui-hui;Franzesi, Giovanni Talei;Stern, Patrick;Bronson, Roderick T.;Graybiel, Ann M.;Desimone, Robert;Boyden, Edward S.
为了了解大脑状态和行为是如何由神经回路产生的，能够精确地干扰非人类灵长类动物神经系统中特定细胞类型和通路的活动将是有用的。我们使用慢病毒将光激活阳离子通道视紫红质2（ChR2）特异性靶向猕猴额叶皮层的兴奋性神经元。使用激光耦合光纤与记录微电极，我们表明，兴奋性神经元的激活导致适时的兴奋性和抑制性影响新皮层神经网络。ChR2在灵长类动物的新皮层中安全表达，并可在数月内介导视神经调节。这些发现突出了一种方法，用于研究特定细胞类型在非人类灵长类动物神经计算，认知和行为中的因果作用，并通过细胞类型特异性光学神经控制假肢开辟了新一代超精确神经和精神治疗的可能性。
To understand how brain states and behaviors are generated by neural circuits, it would be useful to be able to perturb precisely the activity of specific cell types and pathways in the nonhuman primate nervous system. We used lentivirus to target the light-activated cation channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) specifically to excitatory neurons of the macaque frontal cortex. Using a laser-coupled optical fiber in conjunction with a recording microelectrode, we showed that activation of excitatory neurons resulted in well-timed excitatory and suppressive influences on neocortical neural networks. ChR2 was safely expressed, and could mediate opticalneuromodulation, in primate neocortex over many months. These findings highlight a methodology for investigating the causal role of specific cell types in nonhuman primate neural computation, cognition, and behavior, and open up the possibility of a new generation of ultraprecise neurological and psychiatric therapeutics via cell-type-specific optical neural control prosthetics.
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