Long-term air pollution exposure and living close to busy roads are associated with COPD in women.
Long-term air pollution exposure and living close to busy roads are associated with COPD in women.
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DOI：
10.1186/1465-9921-6-152
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发表时间：
2005-12-22
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Krämer U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schikowski T;Sugiri D;Ranft U;Gehring U;Heinrich J;Wichmann HE;Krämer U
肺功能和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的恶化与短期暴露于空气污染有关。然而，长期暴露于工业和交通颗粒物对肺功能定义的COPD的影响迄今尚未得到评估。本研究旨在探讨长期暴露于空气污染对55岁女性呼吸道症状和肺功能的影响。我们特别关注GOLD标准定义的COPD，并通过问卷调查数据和肺功能测量比较空气污染对呼吸道症状的影响。在1985-1994年间进行的连续横断面研究中，我们调查了居住在德国莱茵-鲁尔盆地的4757名妇女。二氧化氮和可吸入颗粒物的暴露程度通过在8公里网格内进行的测量来评估，交通暴露程度通过从住宅地址到最近的主要道路的距离来评估，使用地理信息系统数据。采用GOLD标准测定肺功能和COPD的定义。慢性呼吸道症状和可能的混杂因素通过问卷数据进行定义。采用线性和逻辑回归，包括随机效应来解释城市水平上的混淆和聚类。COPD （GOLD期1-4）患病率为4.5%。PM10和交通相关暴露对COPD和肺功能的影响最大。5年PM10平均值（四分位数范围）增加7 μg/m3与FEV1下降5.1% （95% CI 2.5%-7.7%）、FVC下降3.7% （95% CI 1.8%-5.5%）相关，COPD的优势比（OR）为1.33 （95% CI 1.03-1.72）。居住在距离繁忙道路不到100米的妇女的肺功能也明显下降，COPD的可能性是居住在更远的妇女的1.79倍（95% CI 1.06-3.02）。基于问卷信息的慢性症状显示出相同方向的影响，但不那么明显。长期暴露于PM10、二氧化氮和居住在主要道路附近可能会增加患慢性阻塞性肺病的风险，并可能对肺功能产生不利影响。
Lung function and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been associated with short-term exposure to air pollution. However, the effect of long-term exposure to particulate matter from industry and traffic on COPD as defined by lung function has not been evaluated so far. Our study was designed to investigate the influence of long-term exposure to air pollution on respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in 55-year-old women. We especially focused on COPD as defined by GOLD criteria and additionally compared the effects of air pollution on respiratory symptoms by questionnaire data and by lung function measurements. In consecutive cross sectional studies conducted between 1985–1994, we investigated 4757 women living in the Rhine-Ruhr Basin of Germany. NO2 and PM10 exposure was assessed by measurements done in an 8 km grid, and traffic exposure by distance from the residential address to the nearest major road using Geographic Information System data. Lung function was determined and COPD was defined by using the GOLD criteria. Chronic respiratory symptoms and possible confounders were defined by questionnaire data. Linear and logistic regressions, including random effects were used to account for confounding and clustering on city level. The prevalence of COPD (GOLD stages 1–4) was 4.5%. COPD and pulmonary function were strongest affected by PM10 and traffic related exposure. A 7 μg/m3 increase in five year means of PM10 (interquartile range) was associated with a 5.1% (95% CI 2.5%–7.7%) decrease in FEV1, a 3.7% (95% CI 1.8%–5.5%) decrease in FVC and an odds ratio (OR) of 1.33 (95% CI 1.03–1.72) for COPD. Women living less than 100 m from a busy road also had a significantly decreased lung function and COPD was 1.79 times more likely (95% CI 1.06–3.02) than for those living farther away. Chronic symptoms as based on questionnaire information showed effects in the same direction, but less pronounced. Chronic exposure to PM10, NO2 and living near a major road might increase the risk of developing COPD and can have a detrimental effect on lung function.
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DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001300
发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
AckermannLiebrich, U;Leuenberger, P;Zemp, E
通讯作者：
Zemp, E
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
BOUHUYS, A;BECK, GJ;SCHOENBERG, JB
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SCHOENBERG, JB
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5
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WALLER, RE
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.159.4.9807052
发表时间：
1999-04-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Zemp, E;Elsasser, S;Zellweger, JP
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Zellweger, JP
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.158.1.9710101
发表时间：
1998-07-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Abbey, DE;Burchette, RJ;Enright, PL
通讯作者：
Enright, PL