Cost and CO2 reductions of solar photovoltaic power generation in China: Perspectives for 2020

Cost and CO2 reductions of solar photovoltaic power generation in China: Perspectives for 2020
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中国太阳能光伏发电成本和二氧化碳减排:2020年展望

DOI:
10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.027
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发表时间:
2014-11
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Huo, Hong
Huo, Hong
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang, Yu;Zhou, Sheng;Huo, Hong

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为提高对中国光伏发电成本和效益的认识,分析了2020年中国省级光伏发电每千瓦时成本、化石能源替代和CO2减排水平,以及光伏发电单位减排CO2成本。三个潜在的光伏系统进行检查:大规模光伏(LSPV),建筑一体化光伏(BIPV),和分布式光伏系统在偏远农村地区(具有非常低的容量)。结果表明,到2020年,与600 MWe燃煤超临界机组相比,光伏发电可节省17.4 Mtce化石能源和46.5 Tg CO2。同样在2020年,太阳能发电的成本可能比2010年降低约60%,但仍将比目前的电网价格高出11-74%。光伏发电成本在各省之间差异很大。在经济发达的东部省份,光伏发电(主要是BIPV)为0.67-0.86元/kWh。由于电网价格高,这一比率接近电网平价,但CO2减排成本很高(456-693元人民币/毫克CO2)。在太阳能资源丰富的西部省份,光伏发电(主要是LSPV)的成本较低(0.45-0.75元/kWh),CO2减排成本较低(172-419元/Mg CO2),但由于当地电价较低,距离平价上网距离较远。从成本效益的角度来看,西部省份的LSPV应该是光伏部署战略的第一优先事项,并应得到政府的大力财政支持。本研究提供了一个定量的、分省的光伏发电分析,可用于支持各种光伏补贴政策。
To improve the understanding of the cost and benefit of photovoltaic (PV) power generation in China, we analyze the per kWh cost, fossil energy replacement and level of CO2mitigation, as well as the cost per unit of reduced CO2of PV power generation in 2020 at the province level. Three potential PV systems are examined: large-scale PV (LSPV), building-integrated PV (BIPV), and distributed PV systems used in remote rural areas (which have very low capacities). The results show that in 2020 PV power generation could save 17.4 Mtce fossil energy and 46.5 Tg CO2, compared with 600 MWe coal-fired supercritical units. Also in 2020, the costs of solar electricity could be reduced by approximately 60% as compared to 2010, but would still be 11–74% higher than the current grid prices. The PV electricity costs vary significantly among provinces. In the economically developed eastern provinces, the PV electricity (mainly BIPV) is 0.67–0.86 RMB/kWh. This rate is close to grid parity owing to high grid prices, but the CO2mitigation cost is high (456–693 RMB/Mg CO2). The PV electricity (mainly LSPV) in solar-resource-rich western provinces has lower cost (0.45–0.75 RMB/kWh) and lower CO2mitigation cost (172–419 RMB/Mg CO2), but is farther from grid parity due to the low local grid price. From a cost-effective perspective, LSPV in the west provinces should be the first priority in PV deployment strategies, and should receive strong financial support from the government. This study provides a quantitative, province-specific analysis of PV power generation, which can be used to support various PV subsidy policies.
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