Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOS): Structure, Function, and Enzyme-Catalyzed Synthesis.
Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOS): Structure, Function, and Enzyme-Catalyzed Synthesis.
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.accb.2015.08.002
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen, Xi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Xi
母乳低聚糖（HMOS）作为母乳的第三大主要成分，在母乳喂养婴儿的健康中所起的重要作用已得到越来越多的认识。目前已有100多种不同HMOS的结构被阐明。尽管人们认识到HMOS作为益生元、抗粘附抗菌剂和免疫调节剂的各种功能，但单个HMOS物种的作用和应用尚不清楚。这主要是由于获得大量纯形式的个人HMOS的机会有限。目前在酶促、化学酶促、全细胞和活细胞系统的发展上取得的进展允许生产越来越多、越来越多的HMOS。这一努力将极大地促进HMOS作为单个化合物和具有期望功能的已定义结构混合物的重要作用的阐明和探索应用。简要介绍了HMOS的结构、功能和酶催化合成等方面的研究进展。未来的工作应致力于阐明更复杂的HMOS结构，合成更复杂的HMOS，包括具有分支结构的HMOS，以及开发基于HMOS或启发HMOS的益生元、添加剂和治疗药物。
The important roles of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS), the third major component of human milk, in the health of breast-fed infants have been increasingly recognized. Structures of more than 100 different HMOS have now been elucidated. Despite the recognition of the various functions of HMOS as prebiotics, antiadhesive antimicrobials, and immunomodulators, the roles and the applications of individual HMOS species are less clear. This is mainly due to the limited accessibility to large amounts of individual HMOS in their pure forms. Current advance on the development of enzymatic, chemoenzymatic, whole cell, and living cell systems allows for the production of a growing numbers of HMOS in increasing amounts. This effort will greatly facilitate the elucidation of the important roles and exploring the applications of HMOS as individual compounds and as a mixture of defined structures with desired functions. The structures, functions, and enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of HMOS are briefly surveyed to provide a general picture about the current progress on these aspects. Future efforts should be devoted to elucidating the structures of more complex HMOS, synthesizing more complex HMOS including those with branched structures, and to develop HMOS-based or HMOS-inspired prebiotics, additives, and therapeutics.
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