When bilinguals choose a single word to speak: Electrophysiological evidence for inhibition of the native language.
When bilinguals choose a single word to speak: Electrophysiological evidence for inhibition of the native language.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2012.05.001
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kroll, Judith F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Misra, Maya;Guo, Taomei;Bobb, Susan C.;Kroll, Judith F.
在一项研究中，报告了行为和事件相关电位（ERP）的测量方法，该研究让相对熟练的中英双语者用两种语言分别说出相同的图片。在给定的块中，生产只发生在中文（第一语言，L1）或英语（第二语言，L2）中，并且在参与者之间的顺序是平衡的。在街区之间重复图片有望以更快的反应和更积极的erp的形式产生促进作用。然而，我们假设，如果两种语言在单独命名一种语言时都被激活，可能有证据表明，较强的L1抑制了较弱的L2的命名。行为数据显示，汉语相对于英语占主导地位，总体而言，汉语的命名能力比英语更快、更准确。然而，在L2中命名后在L1中命名的反应时间没有重复优势，而在L2中命名后在L1中命名的ERP数据显示出更大的负性。对重复项目的这种更大的消极性表明存在抑制而不仅仅是促进。至关重要的是，与第一语言相关的非对称负性在第二语言之后持续了超过语言的即时转换，这意味着L1的长期抑制。相比之下，当L2命名跟随L1命名时，行为和ERP证据都产生了一种促进模式，与重复启动一致。综上所述，研究结果支持了一个双语词汇生成模型，在该模型中，两种语言的候选人都在竞争选择，在计划用不太占主导地位的第二语言演讲时，会抑制占主导地位的第一语言。我们讨论了对抑制过程的范围和时间过程建模的意义。
Behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) measures are reported for a study in which relatively proficient Chinese-English bilinguals named identical pictures in each of their two languages. Production occurred only in Chinese (the first language, L1) or only in English (the second language, L2) in a given block with the order counterbalanced across participants. The repetition of pictures across blocks was expected to produce facilitation in the form of faster responses and more positive ERPs. However, we hypothesized that if both languages are activated when naming one language alone, there might be evidence of inhibition of the stronger L1 to enable naming in the weaker L2. Behavioral data revealed the dominance of Chinese relative to English, with overall faster and more accurate naming performance in L1 than L2. However, reaction times for naming in L1 after naming in L2 showed no repetition advantage and the ERP data showed greater negativity when pictures were named in L1 following L2. This greater negativity for repeated items suggests the presence of inhibition rather than facilitation alone. Critically, the asymmetric negativity associated with the L1 when it followed the L2 endured beyond the immediate switch of language, implying long-lasting inhibition of the L1. In contrast, when L2 naming followed L1, both behavioral and ERP evidence produced a facilitatory pattern, consistent with repetition priming. Taken together, the results support a model of bilingual lexical production in which candidates in both languages compete for selection, with inhibition of the more dominant L1 when planning speech in the less dominant L2. We discuss the implications for modeling the scope and time course of inhibitory processes.
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.34.2.302
发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.29.6.1283
发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3
作者：
GREENHOUSE, SW;GEISSER, S
通讯作者：
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