Gestational stress induces persistent depressive-like behavior and structural modifications within the postpartum nucleus accumbens.
Gestational stress induces persistent depressive-like behavior and structural modifications within the postpartum nucleus accumbens.
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DOI：
10.1111/ejn.12752
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发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Leuner B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haim A;Sherer M;Leuner B
产后抑郁症（PPD）是一种常见的并发症，每五个新妈妈中就有一个经历过分娩。妊娠应激增加了对PPD的易感性，也被证明会增加产后大鼠的抑郁样行为。因此，妊娠应激可能是一个重要的转化风险因素，可用于研究PPD的神经生物学机制。在这里，我们研究了妊娠应激对产后早期/中期和晚期抑郁样行为的影响，并评估了这是否伴随着与PPD相关的脑区中脑核（NAc）结构可塑性的改变。我们发现，早期/中期（PD 8）产后雌性大鼠表现出更多的抑郁样行为在强迫游泳测试相比，晚期产后女性（PD 22）。然而，无论产后时间点如何，怀孕期间两周的约束压力都会增加抑郁样行为。此外，树突的长度，分支，和棘密度的中等多刺神经元在NAC壳减少产后大鼠经历了妊娠压力，虽然压力引起的减少，棘密度明显，只有在早期/中期产后女性。在NAc核心，结构可塑性不受妊娠压力，但后期产后女性表现出较低的棘密度和减少树突长度。总的来说，这些数据不仅证明了整个产后期间NAc的结构变化，还表明暴露于妊娠应激后的产后抑郁样行为与NAc的结构可塑性受损有关，因此可以深入了解可能导致PPD的神经变化。
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common complication following childbirth experienced by one in every five new mothers. Pregnancy stress enhances vulnerability to PPD and has also been shown to increase depressive-like behavior in postpartum rats. Thus, gestational stress may be an important translational risk factor that can be used to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms underlying PPD. Here we examined the effects of gestational stress on depressive-like behavior during the early/mid and late postpartum periods and evaluated whether this was accompanied by altered structural plasticity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a brain region that has been linked to PPD. We show that early/mid (PD8) postpartum female rats exhibited more depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test as compared to late postpartum females (PD22). However, two weeks of restraint stress during pregnancy increased depressive-like behavior regardless of postpartum timepoint. In addition, dendritic length, branching, and spine density on medium spiny neurons in the NAc shell were diminished in postpartum rats that experienced gestational stress although stress-induced reductions in spine density were evident only in early/mid postpartum females. In the NAc core, structural plasticity was not affected by gestational stress but late postpartum females exhibited lower spine density and reduced dendritic length. Overall, these data not only demonstrate structural changes in the NAc across the postpartum period, they also show that postpartum depressive-like behavior following exposure to gestational stress is associated with compromised structural plasticity in the NAc and thus may provide insight into the neural changes that could contribute to PPD.
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