Geraniol-a potential alternative to antibiotics for bovine mastitis treatment without disturbing the host microbial community or causing drug residues and resistance.
Geraniol-a potential alternative to antibiotics for bovine mastitis treatment without disturbing the host microbial community or causing drug residues and resistance.
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香叶醇——治疗牛乳腺炎抗生素的潜在替代品，不会干扰宿主微生物群落或引起药物残留和耐药性
DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2023.1126409
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
乳腺炎是奶牛最常见的疾病之一。目前，奶牛乳腺炎的治疗主要以抗生素为主。然而，抗生素的使用会引起不良反应，包括耐药性、药物残留、宿主-微生物群破坏和环境污染。本研究旨在探讨香叶醇作为替代抗生素治疗奶牛乳腺炎的潜力。并对治疗效果、炎症因子改善情况、对微生物组的影响、药物残留存在情况、耐药诱导等进行综合比较分析。香叶醇对小鼠感染模型和奶牛乳腺炎的治疗效果与抗生素相当。此外，香叶醇显著抑制病原菌，恢复微生物群落，同时增加牛奶中益生菌的丰度。值得注意的是，香叶醇没有破坏奶牛和小鼠的肠道微生物群落，而抗生素显著降低了肠道微生物群落的多样性并破坏了肠道微生物群落结构。停药4天后，牛奶中未检测到香叶醇残留，停药7天后，牛奶中检测到抗生素残留。体外实验表明，香叶醇在培养150代后未诱导大肠杆菌ATCC25922和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC25923耐药，而抗生素在培养10代后诱导耐药。这些结果表明，香叶醇具有类似抗生素的抗菌和抗炎作用，而不会影响宿主-微生物群落结构，也不会引起药物残留和耐药性。因此，香叶醇有可能成为抗生素的潜在替代品，用于治疗乳腺炎或其他传染病，并在乳制品行业得到广泛应用。
Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases of dairy cows. Currently, mastitis treatment in dairy cows is mainly based on antibiotics. However, the use of antibiotics causes adverse effects, including drug resistance, drug residues, host-microbiome destruction, and environmental pollution. The present study sought to investigate the potentiality of geraniol as an alternative to antibiotics for bovine mastitis treatment in dairy cows. Additionally, the effectiveness of treatment, improvement in inflammatory factors, the influence on microbiome, presence of drug residues, and drug resistance induction were compared and analyzed comprehensively.Geraniol showed an equivalent therapeutic rate as antibiotics in the mouse infection model and cows with mastitis. Moreover, geraniol significantly inhibited the pathogenic bacteria and restored the microbial community while increasing the abundance of probiotics in milk. Notably, geraniol did not destroy the gut microbial communities in cows and mice, whereas antibiotics significantly reduced the diversity and destroyed the gut microbial community structure. Additionally, no geraniol residue was detected in milk four days after treatment discontinuation, but, antibiotic residues were detected in milk at the 7th day after drug withdrawal. In vitro experiments revealed that geraniol did not induce drug resistance in the Escherichia coli strain ATCC25922 and Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC25923 after 150 generations of culturing, while antibiotics induced resistance after 10 generations. These results suggest that geraniol has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects similar to antibiotics without affecting the host-microbial community structure or causing drug residues and resistance. Therefore, geraniol can be a potential substitute for antibiotics to treat mastitis or other infectious diseases and be widely used in the dairy industry.
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